Review Unit 2B Weathering and Erosion

#20. Weathering is the breaking apart of rock. Erosion is the processes that carry away the breakdown products.

#21. Over the last 5,000 years Georgia's landscape has changed greatly due water deposition and erosion.

#22. Chemical weathering is the breaking down the molecules and atoms in rocks.

#23. Breaking rocks apart by living organisms is called biological weathering.

#24. Mechanical weathering is breaking down rocks by physical force.

#25. Pollution in the air can cause acid rain. Acid Rain is an example of chemical weathering.

#26. Weathering is the major process that wears down whole mountain ranges. Mountains that are rounded are older than mountains with jagged peaks.

#27. When rocks undergo weathering, they become sediment.

#28. In cold climates rocks are broken into pieces by the action of water. This process that breaks down rocks and helps form soil is called mechanical weathering due to alternate freezing and thawing.

#29. Sand dunes are formed by wind.

#30. Barrier islands are low and narrow sandy islands that form a rim offshore from a coastline. These islands protect inland shores from the surf, especially during storms. The islands are not permanent because the wind and the waves are constantly redistributing the sand.

#31. What can happen if farm land is overgrazed? The soil will be eroded by wind and water.

#32. The Earth's surface can change either quickly or slowly. Weathering and erosion usually cause slow changes. Landslides, mudslides, and avalanches can cause a sudden change in the Earth’s surface.

#33. Sedimentary rocks are not found on the Moon because there is no weathering on the Moon

#34. Footprints made by astronauts on the Moon many years ago are probably still there because the Moon has no weather.

#35. Bedrock is located beneath soil layers

#36. Humus (dead and decaying decayed plants and animals), silt, bits of rock, clay, and sand are all parts of soil

#37. Farmers prefer to plant crops in soil that is rich in nutrients. Soils rich in nutrients usually have a lot of decomposed organic material in it – Humus.