Religion Ancient Egypt

Religion MummiesPyramidsRituals Gods & Goddesses Quiz References

Eyewitness Books: Ancient Egypt Pyramid: bm_heiroglyphics: canopic: book of dead: mummy: 2 mummies Giza pyramids Tut mask: Nile: Valley of the kings: Tomb pic: workers on the field with overseer.

Quiz Directions: Click on the correct answer. 1.The mummy`s brain was removed and kept in a Canopic Jar. TRUE or FALSETRUEFALSE 2.Bastet is a cat goddess who represents the power of the sun to ripen crops. TRUE or FALSETRUEFALSE 3.The largest pyramid is the Great Pyramid at Giza. TRUE or FALSE TRUEFALSE 4.The Opening of the Mouth Ceremony is the most important of all funerary rights. TRUE or FALSETRUEFALSE

CORRECT

Opps… Inner organs were removed during mummification and were protected in these containers. The organs removed (the intestines, stomach, liver) were then dried out, wrapped in linen, and placed in separate jars. The brain was useless so it was discarded.

Opps… Cat Goddess who represented the power of the Sun to Ripen Crops. Daughter of Re Many bronze cat figurines were dedicated to her. Her temple in the Northeast temple is ruined.

Opps… Largest Pyramid Located in Giza Built for King Khufu c.2528 B.C.

Opps… Most important of all funerary rights. Allows the mummy to eat, drink, and move around in the afterlife.

Gods & Goddesses The Egyptians worshiped hundreds of different gods and goddesses. Many of the gods are represented by animals. These Gods/Goddesses are some of the more well known. Pharaohs were not only the most powerful individual in Egypt but they were considered to be gods. AnubisThothAmun-Re IsisBastetOsiris

Bastet Cat Goddess who represented the power of the Sun to Ripen Crops. Daughter of Re Many bronze cat figurines were dedicated to her. Her temple in the Northeast temple is ruined.

Amun-Re The principal god during the New kingdom. He gave the sword of conquest to great warrior pharaohs. Mysterious Nature- Amun means hidden.

Osiris God of the Afterlife/Underworld/Dead One of the Oldest Known Gods His crown is made of Ostrich Feathers.

Anubis Jackal God that would protect the dead. Anubis would supervise embalming process. Guarded the burial site after mummification.

Thoth The curved beak of an Ibis was like a crescent moon, so the bird became the symbol of the moon god. He was the patron of the scribes, and gave the Egyptians the knowledge of writing, medicine, and mathematics.

Isis Goddess of Motherhood, Magic, and Fertility Sister of Osiris

Priests Shaved off their hair to ensure cleanliness. They burned incense, scattered holy water, and made offerings.

Embalmer The god Anubis was suppose to be responsible for the ritual of embalming.

Mummies After the embalming process the mummies are placed in a coffin. Rich people would have several layers of coffins and they would all be intricately decorated. Mummification Process

Canopic Jars Inner organs were removed during mummification and were protected in these containers. The organs removed (the intestines, stomach, liver) were then dried out, wrapped in linen, and placed in separate jars. The brain was useless so it was discarded.

Mummification Process It took 70 days. Embalmers took out organs and put them into Canopic Jars.EmbalmersCanopic Jars The brain was removed from the nose with a hook. The Egyptians threw the brain away. The heart was left in place. Natron is the salt that was used to dry out the body. After 40 days the natron packs were removed. The body was cleaned and brushed with oils and spices. The body was wrapped with 20 layers of linen and a portrait mask was placed over the head. The mummy is placed in a nest of coffins and a funeral procession seals the mummy in a tomb.mummy

Hired Mourners The status of the deceased determined the amount of mourners. (High Status=Many Mourners) The family would hire female mourners to mourn at the funeral. They would wave their arms, throw dust in their hair, and weep.

Model Servants Egyptians were afraid of working hard in the afterlife. They created these figures to represent the servants they would take to the afterlife.

King Tut`s Tomb Tomb had been robbed but many items were left untouched. Rumored to be cursed. Found in Valley of the Kings

Book of the Dead Describes the Egyptian Journey to the Afterlife. Contains spells, songs, and instructions for the Afterlife. Written on Papyrus and placed with the Deceased.

Opening of the Mouth Ceremony Most important of all funerary rights. Allows the mummy to eat, drink, and move around in the afterlife.

Valley of the Kings Nearly all Pharaohs from Thutmosis I to Rameses XU were chose to be buried in the Valley of the Kings. Some tombs were placed high in the cliffside to attempt to keep grave robbers out but many were unsuccessful. The kings tombs contained their valuable possessions for them to take to the afterlife.

Pyramids Pyramids were intended to protect the mummy and all the deceased possessions. Walls were decorated with spells to help the Pharaoh get to the Afterlife. Granite Doors and False Passages were built to keep robbers out. By c B.C. all pyramids had been robbed.

Inside the Pyramid

The Great Pyramid Largest Pyramid Located in Giza Built for King Khufu c.2528 B.C.

Mummies & Mummification Priest Embalmer Canopic Jars

PyramidsInside Pyramids The Great Pyramid Valley of the Kings