End of WWI & The Peace Settlements. I. Important Dates Armistice 11 a.m. Paris Peace Conference January 1919.

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Presentation transcript:

End of WWI & The Peace Settlements

I. Important Dates Armistice 11 a.m. Paris Peace Conference January 1919

II. What factors contributed to the end of WWI? A.war weariness B.strikes in Germany C.Russian Revolution D.US entry E.2 nd Battle of the Marne

III. What happened in the German Revolution of 1918? A.Events 1.July 1917: moderates pass “peace resolution” 2.July 1918: 2 nd Battle of the Marne 3.Oct: kaiser forms new gov’t. to sue for peace 4.Nov: working class / army revolts  ***overthrow kaiser*** ***establish Weimar Republic*** (Nov. 9) Weimar Republic Friedrich Ebert German Empire Kaiser Wilhelm II

III. What happened in the German Revolution of 1918? A.Who gained power 1.liberals & socialists [Social Democrats] 2.communists unsuccessful Karl LiebknechtRosa Luxemburg Friedrich Ebert

III. How will the German Revolution of 1918 open the door for Hitler?  Weimar Republic signs armistice & Versailles Treaty = blamed for accepting defeat

IV. Paris Peace Conference A.27 nations (no Germany or Russia) B.Big Four 1.Lloyd George (GB) 2.Clemenceau (Fr) 3.Wilson (US) 4.Orlando (It) Lloyd George, Orlando, Clemenceau, Wilson

IV. Paris Peace Conference C.Agendas of the Big Three 1.Wilson: just peace a.14 Points: self-determination & League of Nations 2.Lloyd George: moderate peace a.voter pressure for harsh peace 3.Clemenceau: harsh peace a.Franco-Prussian War (1871) – harsh peace

IV. Paris Peace Conference D.5 treaties 1.Versailles (Germany) 2.St. Germain (Austria) 3.Trianon (Hungary) 4.S èvres, 1920 / Lausanne, 1923 (Turkey) 5.Neuilly (Bulgaria) E.2 main issues 1.territorial changes based on self- determination 2.reparations

V. Treaty of Versailles (28 June 1919) A.Terms 1.  military 2.  land 3.war guilt 4.reparations ($33b) B.US did not ratify A.Henry Cabot Lodge B.League of Nations

VI. Postwar Territorial Changes Germany

Which countries in Europe were born out of WWI?  Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia  Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Bessarabia (Moldova)

Which countries in the ME were born out of WWI?  Lebanon, Syria (France)  Palestine, Transjordan, Iraq (GB)  Turkey (ind.)

League of Nations Mandates (Middle East & Africa) 1.French Mandate of Syria 2.French Mandate of Lebanon 3.British Mandate of Palestine 4.British Mandate of Transjordan 5.British Mandate of Iraq 6.British Togoland 7.French Togoland 8.British Cameroon 9.French Cameroon 10.Ruanda-Urundi 11.Tanganyika 12.South-West Africa

Was the Versailles Treaty a just peace????

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