Do Now Take out your Volcanoes homework reading and keep it on your desk. On your homework or on a piece of paper, write: 3 things you know about volcanoes 2 things you want to know 1 thing you have heard about volcanoes, but you don’t know if it is really true

Parts of Volcanoes April 5, 2016

Parts of Volcanoes- Goal Our goal is to learn the main parts of a volcano and to be able to label them on a picture In a few days, we will draw our own volcanoes and be able to label all of the parts!

Quick Definitions Volcano: a mountain that forms in Earth’s crust when magma reaches the surface Magma: molten material that is in the mantle Lava: magma that reaches the earth’s crust Clarification: What we see exploding from a volcano is lava. Magma is in the mantle, so we cannot actually see it.

Vocabulary Volcanism: movement of magma inside the earth There are 3 main landforms that form from volcanism: Sill- when magma flows between rock layers of the crust and hardens Dike- when magma that cuts across rock layers and hardens Lava- when magma breaks through the crust and flows onto Earth’s surface

Sills and Dikes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6loGYTCBVqo

Parts of a Volcano Magma Chamber- the place beneath a volcano where magma collects Pipe- a long tube that extends from the earth’s crust to the magma chamber to the top of the volcano Vent- where magma leaves the volcano Lava Flow- spread of lava from a vent Caldera- a bowl-shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around the main vent Ash Cloud- pulverized rock, minerals, and volcanic glass that forms from an eruption

Classwork Read 5-5 What are Volcanoes? Answer the triangle questions in the article Answer the Checking Concepts questions 1-4 Read “Science and Technology: Predicting Volcanic Eruptions” at the bottom of the page and answer the question Complete the attached worksheet. Use your notes and reading to help you! Homework: Page 138-139 in your purple workbook. Complete Figure 1 and the Vocabulary question on the side.

Science Do Now Answer the following questions on a piece of paper Open your workbook to page 138-139 so I can check your homework Answer the following questions on a piece of paper What is the difference between magma and lava? Where does lava come out of the volcano? What is the tube called that extends from the magma chamber to the top of the volcano? Write 1 question you still have about volcanoes.

Types of volcanoes April 6, 2016

Goals Our goal is to learn the 3 types of volcanoes and the difference between quiet and explosive volcanoes. This will help us when we draw and label our own volcano pictures!

Quiet vs. Explosive Eruptions A volcanic eruption is quiet when the lava flows freely through a vent or fissure. A volcanic eruption is explosive when rocks, lava, gases, ash, and dust are exploded into the air. The type of eruption is dependent on the type of volcanic cone.

What Happens When Lava Hardens? When lava hardens, it can make different landforms around the volcano The hardening lava is what makes volcanoes shaped the way they are! There are three types of volcano cone landforms: Shield Cone Cinder Cone Composite Cone *Note: cone is another word for volcano since a volcano is in the shape of a cone*

1. Shield Cone Made up of layers of hardened lava Lava builds up to form the cone with a wide base Sides of the cone have gentle slopes Are often found in the ocean floor Forms from quiet eruptions Example: Mauna Loa in Hawaii

1. Shield Cone

2. Cinder Cone Formed from explosive eruptions Dust, ash, and rock particles explode and settle on the volcano cone Have steep sides and narrow bases Magma is thick and sticky Example: Paricutin in Mexico

2. Cinder Cone

3. Composite Cone Made up of layers of lava and rock particles Formed from quiet and explosive eruptions The quiet eruptions form the wide base The explosive eruptions add layers of dust, ash, and rock particles to the cone Is a tall, wide cone with steep sides Example: Mt. St. Helens in Washington

3. Composite Cone

Volcano Videos Types of volcanoes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnBggrCdkN0 How volcanoes form https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be7o6BYVOzA

Classwork Read “5-6 How are Volcanoes Classified?” Answer the triangle questions Answer Checking Concepts 1-4 Answer Thinking Critically 5 & 6 Complete the attached worksheet When done, you may do your homework pages 148-149 in your workbook. Complete all fill-ins

Science Do Now Take out 5-6 How are Volcanoes Classified packet from yesterday and leave it on your desk Answer the questions on the back of your packet: What are the 3 types of volcanoes? What is the difference between an explosive and a quiet eruption? Where is magma stored in a volcano in the mantle? What is the difference between magma and lava?

Stages of volcanic activity April 7, 2016

Stages of Volcanic Activity Not all volcanoes explode often! There are 3 stages of volcanic activity: Active/Alive Dormant Extinct

1. Active/Alive A volcano that is erupting or shows signs that it will erupt in the near future A volcano is active if it has erupted in the last 10,000 years

2. Dormant A volcano that is not currently active, but is predicted to be active in the near future Scientists describe it as “sleeping” and it will soon “awake”

3. Extinct A volcano that is unlikely to ever erupt again Scientists call these “dead” volcanoes A volcano is extinct if it hasn’t erupted in 10,000 years

Recently Active Volcanoes Recently active volcanoes slide show from CNN http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/20/world/gallery/recently-active-volcanos/

Ring of Fire An area in the pacific ocean where a large number of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes are 90% of earthquakes occur here 75% of the earth’s active volcanoes are here It looks more like a horseshoe than a ring

Ring of Fire & Volcanoes

Volcano Pictures You are going to draw a volcano from the inside view Identify if your volcano is shield, cinder, and composite cone (it should be shaped accordingly) You must include the following parts in your picture Magma Chamber Pipe Vent (side and central) Lava (explosive or quiet) Ash cloud (if applicable) Draw a creative surrounding as to where your volcano is On the back, write a description of your volcano, including the type of cone, whether it is explosive or quiet,