Navigation NAU 102 Lesson 23

Piloting Procedures Careful preparation and detailed planning is necessary. Always use the largest scale chart available. Corrected up to the latest Notice to Mariners

Piloting Procedures Careful preparation and detailed planning is necessary. Highlight navigation hazards Mark the minimum depth contour. Minimum Depth = Ship’s Draft – Height of Tide + Safety Margin.

Piloting Procedures Minimum Depth = Ship’s Draft – Height of Tide + Safety Margin. Example: Minimum Depth = 16 ft – 2 ft + 6 ft. Minimum Depth = 20 ft.

Highlight navigation aids Visual navigation aids Piloting Procedures Highlight navigation aids Visual navigation aids Radar navigation aids

Plot and label the track line Piloting Procedures Plot and label the track line

Piloting Procedures Determine wheel-over points Bear Rock Bad Rock Ships don’t make sharp turns despite what the DR plot looks like. WP 10

Piloting Procedures Important Terms Advance - the distance gained in the original direction until the vessel steadies on her new course. Transfer - the distance gained at right angles to the original course, measured from the line representing the original direction of travel to the point of completion of the turn.

Right 15° rudder, steady course 075° Piloting Procedures Transfer Steady on course 075° Advance Right 15° rudder, steady course 075°

Piloting Procedures Ship Maneuvering Characteristics Determined during sea trials Required to be posted on the bridge.

Maneuvering Characteristics Data is tabulated Angle of Turn Advance Transfer 15° 500 38 105° 993 833 30° 680 100 120° 933 1013 45° 827 207 135° 1140 60° 940 347 150° 687 1247 75° 1007 513 165° 533 1413 90° 1020 180° 367 1500

Danger Bearings

Wheel-over point When should I turn? Angle of turn = 45° Chap Rock Angle of Turn Advance Transfer 45° 827 207 C - 050° Step 1 – Draw a line parallel to the original course at a distance equal to the transfer C - 005° 207 yds

Wheel-over point When should I turn? Angle of turn = 45° Kasper Rock Angle of Turn Advance Transfer 45° 827 207 C - 050° 827 yds Step 2 – Measure along the line the distance of the advance, starting from the point the line intersected the new course. C - 005°

Step 3 – Draw a perpendicular line to your course line Wheel-over point When should I turn? Angle of turn = 45° Chris Rock Angle of Turn Advance Transfer 45° 827 207 C - 050° 827 yds Step 3 – Draw a perpendicular line to your course line Wheel-over point C - 005°

Wheel-over point Actual path of travel Wheel-over point Durnan’s Rock

Turn Bearing A bearing of a prominent navaid that indicates the vessel is at the wheel-over point. Starnitzky Rock C - 050° TB - 070°T Wheel-over point C - 005°

Turn Range The range to a prominent navaid that indicates the vessel is at the wheel-over point. The Rock C - 050° TR - 0.5 nm Wheel-over point C - 005°

Piloting Procedures Plot danger bearings

Danger Bearings A line drawn from a prominent feature through the point of danger. C - 060° Submerged Rock + Bearings are labeled Not More Than (NMT) or Not Less Than (NLT) NLT 030°T //////////////////////// C - 010°

Introduction to Navigation Questions?