Sustainable Computing: Innovate, Act & SHARE Giacomo Tufano Italy Systems Engineering Manager Sun Microsystems Italia SpA OpenCamp, Roma 14 aprile 2007

2 “ Every day, the Network is changing the lives of those who touch it – and we are committed to making that access affordable, durable and sustainable. ” Jonathan Schwartz January 2007

Sustainability Innovation Information Computing

Growing eWaste Problem 300 million computers already obsolete by 2004… Content problem: over 700 esoteric compounds in each PC Volume problem: 1 million computers amount to more than 25,000 tons of electronic junk Increasingly international problem

Where Server Power Goes 5% to 40% lost in power conversion > See 80plus.org The rest gets distributed to components > Disks and fans spin > <1% used for “thinking” Approximately all of the power ultimately turns to heat

One Complete Picture Sun's Broomfield, CO datacenter (May 2006) > 1.2MW comes into the building > ~1.25MW leaving power plants > 714kW to computers > ~640kW after internal power supplies > 209kW to air conditioning > Rest is lost in power distribution, etc > Result: around 51% of power leaving the power plant is “used” by server and storage components (640kW v. 1.25MW)

Environmental Impact US Datacenters B kWh 180M tons of CO2 Sun's Example M kWh 10K tons of CO2

Economic Impact Before 2015 servers will cost more to run than buy Source: IDC Time $/yr IT Energy Cost IT Equipment Cost

Take action and leverage innovation and technology to improve the sustainability of Sun's operations.Use innovation to create Eco-responsibile solutions leveraging technology, materials and design.Share and provide leadership with our ideas, findings, and technologies to support Eco-responsibility throughout the entire value chain. Sun's Eco-responsible Values Innovate ActShare

> 50% enters remanufacturing All metal and plastic recovered Less than 5% enters waste stream Fully RoHS compliant Ready for next regs eWaste and HazMat Leadership European WEEE Directive sets target that 65% of IT equipment must be recycled* *(EC Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and EC Directive on the restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS)

Sun’s Open Work Program for Employees > A Global, Location-Independent Program Providing Technologies, Workspaces, and Best Practices > 2005 EPA Award: 4 th in Nation for Commuter Friendliness PARTICIPATION Flex Location Workers 14,803 Participants 46% of Work Force Flexible Offices 127 Locations Worldwide Real Estate 6,600 Seats Saved/Avoided in FY06 = $63.9M Sun Ray - thin clients Over $24M Saved Annually No-Cost Moves & Energy Savings Carbon Reduction 30,000 tons/year and growing BENEFITS

SunRay Thin Clients Desktop runs on shared server > Gets PC out of the office > 10:1 – 50:1 SunRay to server ratio > No client upgrades! Operational carbon savings Potential for huge carbon savings by avoiding the PC upgrade cycle and associated manufacturing impact SunRay 2 ● 4 watts ● Windows, Linux or Solaris desktop ● Standard monitor, keyboard, mouse

Eco Product Leadership 2X the performance 1/3 the power consumption 1/2 the space Qualifies for PG&E energy rebate program CMT The Power of 32 Servers 9600watts Replaced with 7 servers using 1900 watts Sun Fire T1000

14 OpenSPARC “Sun's decision to release Verilog source code for the UltraSPARC hardware design under a free software license is an historic step - Sun is showing its profound understanding of the forces shaping our technological future in making this decision. ” Eben Moglen Software Freedom Law Centre

15...for real... HW Open Source is a real opportunity Think to embedded systems > Phones, decoders, FPGA Also in Italy! > > Catania!

Sharing Makes Communities Stronger Openly Sharing Innovation and Technology Enabling Access and Participation Participating in the Political Process Giving Back to Our Communities Collaborating Across the Spectrum

A History of Building and Participating in Communities

18 Open Source and Sun: Our Origins 1982: Sun 1 Workstation > 1MHz, 1 megapixel, 1MB > BSD OS 4.02 Long-standing support for open standards > TCP/IP > NFS > X Windows 1990: Sun buys rights to UNIX > Enables OpenSolaris today Sun 1 Workstation 1982

19 Perspectives “Every software asset we produce is open source. If it isn't today, it will be pretty damn quickly.” Jonathan Schwartz CEO, Sun Microsystems January 2007

20 Sun's Open Source Strategy Developer Preference User Preference Value Proposition ● More core developers ● More deploying developers ● More partners ● Business Deployment ● Sun's target market ● Binary distribution ● Pay for value Free to use More platform choice More suppliers Larger user community

21 The Four Effects Drives volume Co-Development Market distruption Future growth markets

22 A “near death” experience “Merrill Lynch yesterday boosted its price target on Sun Microsystems to $7.50 from $7 ahead of the company's analyst meeting today.” Houston Chronicle February 2007 “we believe Sun is likely to...become irrelevant to most users, and will eventually be acquired for its installed base.” Merril Lynch Report October 2003

23 Sun's Contribution to Linux Estimated Substitution Cost of Sun’s contribution to Debian GNU/Linux includes code in GNOME Linux kernel Mozilla OpenOffice.org X.org and other projects Source: UNU-MERIT report for the European Commission “Economic impact of FLOSS on innovation and competitiveness of the EU ICT sector” January 2007

24 Sun's Contribution to FOSS Estimated Substitution Cost Sun’s contribution to Free and Open Source Software not exhaustive: not all projects counted some Java SE code still to be released in 2007 Method: COCOMO 1

25 Community Perspectives “I think Sun...has contributed more than any other company to the free software community in the form of software. It shows leadership. It’s an example I hope others will follow.” Richard Stallman Free Software Foundation

26 Community Perspectives “ Sun's decision to release Verilog source code for the UltraSPARC hardware design under a free software license is an historic step - Sun is showing its profound understanding of the forces shaping our technological future in making this decision. ” Eben Moglen Chief Council Software Freedom Law Centre

27 Why Use Sun Open Source Software? Sun believes open source is first class software > Same quality processes for open and proprietary code > Sun offers warranty and indemnification for software built on open source projects Sun knows its code > Huge diligence around open sourcing > We require signed contributor agreements Sun protects its code > Moves quickly on legal threats > We demand reciprocal patent grants

28 Developers and Communities Bet on Sun 2,340,000 SDN Registrations 150,000 Developer event attendees 1,000,000,00 0 Total Java Handsets 169,000,000 JRE Downloads 1 st half of FY07 5,480,000 Java SDK Downloads for 1 st half of FY07 (SE,ME, EE) 314,000 Total Java.net members 32,000 Code Submissions and 3,000 Unique External Code Submitters for Java.net 3,649 Java.net projects 2,550,000 Tools Downloads for 1 st half of FY07 400,000 Active Tools Users 7,000,000 Licensed Downloads 130,000 System Administrators Subscribe to BigAdmin Newsletter 810 Supported Hardware Systems 4500 Applications shipping on Solaris Sun Develope r Network

29 OpenSolaris Innovation Happens Everywhere

30 OpenSolaris and Solaris CD E X ON Install Admi n DevelopmentRelease Solaris 9 Patches Solaris 10 Updates, Patches Closed Source Sun-only Development Solaris Express Solaris Express, Community Release OpenSolaris Community Distributions (various) Source Consolidations (incomplete) opened by Sun, ongoing since Jan 2005 Open Source Sun and Community Developme nt Community Projects

31 OpenOffice.org Home of the leading multi-platform open source office suite

32 Mobile & Embedded

Saving energy, reducing waste and share the results is not just good for the environment, its good for business Thank you.