Concept Map: Re-create the Concept Map template to show how the following terms are related. Terms: Atoms Compounds Electrons Neutrons Protons These three particles form And these combine chemically to form

Part 2: Properties of Water and pH Draw structure of five water molecules and show the covalent and hydrogen bonds Draw structure of five water molecules and show the covalent and hydrogen bonds O and H atoms do not share electrons equally Oxygen is slightly negative Hydrogen atoms are slightly positive

Part 2: Properties of Water and pH Draw structure of five water molecules and show the covalent and hydrogen bonds Draw structure of five water molecules and show the covalent and hydrogen bonds polar covalent bond hydrogen bond O and H atoms do not share electrons equally Oxygen is slightly negative Hydrogen atoms are slightly positive

Properties of Water Storage of Heat Storage of Heat Cohesion Cohesion Adhesion Adhesion Universal Solvent Universal Solvent All properties due to the fact that water molecules are POLAR

Ions Remember that atoms that either gain or lose electrons become ions, which are charged particles Remember that atoms that either gain or lose electrons become ions, which are charged particles If an atom loses an electron, it becomes a positive ion called a cation If an atom loses an electron, it becomes a positive ion called a cation If an atom gains an electron, it becomes a negative ion called an anion If an atom gains an electron, it becomes a negative ion called an anion

pH Scale In solutions, water molecules can split into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions In solutions, water molecules can split into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions Acids are substances that produce hydrogen ions in solution Acids are substances that produce hydrogen ions in solution Bases are substances that produce hydroxide ions in solution Bases are substances that produce hydroxide ions in solution The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, which is based on ratio of hydrogen and hydroxide ions The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is, which is based on ratio of hydrogen and hydroxide ions

pH Scale Acidic solutions have a greater number of hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions Basic solutions have a greater number of hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions