DO NOW FIND YOUR ASSIGNED SEAT (I CAN HELP YOU FIND IT IF NEEDED) TAKE OUT YOUR JOURNAL HAVE A PENCIL/PEN IN FRONT OF YOU

AGENDA/ANNOUNCEMENTS *FRESH START! 2 ND NINE WEEKS *MAKE SURE I HAVE YOUR LAB SAFETY SHEET! HOUSEKEEPING JOURNAL TALK/SET UP GRADE PRE-TEST ACIDS AND BASES! EXIT SLIP

HOUSEKEEPING HOMEWORK ON HUMAN BODY DUE ASAP! **IF YOU WERE ABSENT THURS/FRI LET ME KNOW (PRE-TEST/HUMAN BODY) CLASSROOM RULES/ CONSEQUENCES/REWARDS LABS (WHO CAN PARTICIPATE, WHO CAN’T) IF YOUR ABSENT….. JOURNAL CREDIT!

JOURNAL TALK/SET-UP  JOURNAL STORAGE (MS.KING’S ROLE VS. YOUR ROLE)  JOURNAL = GRADE  HOW YOU WILL BE GRADED (BELLRINGER VS JOURNAL CHECKS)  SET-UP:  LEFT SIDE VS RIGHT SIDE  TABLE OF CONTENTS  GRADING SHEET  ONLINE TEXT BOOK/CLASS WEBSITE YOUR SIDE “STRONG SIDE” Ms.King’s side ONLY Notes and Study guides

GRADE PRE-TEST PUT GRADED BY ON THE TOP WRITE ONLY IN COLOR (NO PENCIL/BLUE/BLACK/RED)

ACIDS AND BASES DIFFERENTIATE ACIDS AND BASES. DEFINE PH. COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE STRENGTHS OF VARIOUS COMMON ACIDS AND BASES.

Matter Mixtures heterogeneoushomogeneous Pure Substances Elements and Compounds solutions

ACIDS CHARACTERISTICS OF ACIDS: 1.ACIDS CREATE THE SOUR TASTE IN FOOD (LIKE LEMONS). 2.ACIDS REACT WITH METALS TO PRODUCE HYDROGEN (H 2 ) GAS. 3.ACIDS RELEASE HYDROGEN IONS (H ⁺) THAT FORM HYDRONIUM IONS (H3O ⁺) IN WATER. 4.ACIDS CAN BE VERY CORROSIVE, DESTROYING METALS AND BURNING SKIN THROUGH CHEMICAL ACTION. ACID: A COMPOUND THAT DISSOLVES IN WATER TO RELEASE HYDROGEN IONS (H ⁺)

BASES CHARACTERISTICS OF BASES: 1.BASES CREATE A BITTER TASTE. 2.BASES HAVE A SLIPPERY FEEL (LIKE SOAP). 3.RELEASE HYDROXIDE IONS (OH ⁻) IN WATER. 4.BASES CAN BE VERY CORROSIVE, DESTROYING METALS AND BURNING SKIN THROUGH CHEMICAL ACTION. BASE: ANY SUBSTANCE THAT DISSOLVES IN WATER TO RELEASE HYDROXIDE IONS (OH ⁻)

CFU! ACID OR BASE? 1.WHICH FEELS SLIPPERY? 2.WHICH RELEASES HYDROGEN IONS ? 3.WHAT IS THE SYMBOL FOR HYDROXIDE IONS? CONCEPTS: 1.HYDROGEN IONS REACT WITH WATER TO FORM WHAT? 2.WHICH SOLUTIONS ARE CORROSIVE?

THE AMOUNT OF H ⁺ THAT CAN BE RELEASED MAKES AN ACID/BASE STRONG OR WEAK. STRONG ACID WEAK ACID H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ OH ⁻ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ STRONG BASE WEAK BASE OH ⁻ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺

NEUTRAL: NEITHER ACIDIC NOR BASIC NEUTRAL H⁺H⁺ OH ⁻ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ Same number of H+ ions and OH- ions

PH SCALE (GUIDED NOTES #5-11) pH = “THE POWER OF HYDROGEN” pH SCALE MEASURES THE CONCENTRATION OF H 3 O ⁺ IN SOLUTION pH ABOVE 7 IS ACIDIC pH BELOW 7 IS BASIC (ALKALINE) pH OF 7 IS NEUTRAL

PH SCALE (GUIDED NOTES #5-11) NAME A STRONG/WEAK ACID… NAME A STRONG/WEAK BASE… WHICH SUBSTANCE IS NEUTRAL? WE WILL COMPLETE # TOMORROW

VOCABULARY FLIP CHART ACID BASE (ALKALINE) ION CONCENTRATION pH SCALE HYDRONIUM

END

ACIDS/BASES DAY 2

DO NOW SIT IN YOUR ASSIGNED SEAT HAVE A COLOR PEN/PENCIL IN FRONT OF YOU…

LETS GO OVER IP

19.3 PH IN THE ENVIRONMENT  THE PH OF SOIL DIRECTLY AFFECTS THE AVAILABILITY OF NUTRIENTS FOR PLANTS.  PH BELOW 4.5 OR ABOVE 6.5 IS TOXIC TO PLANTS AND ANIMALS (FISH/AMPHIBIANS) Guided Notes Continued (#12-15)

EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN ON MARBLE (MARBLE IS CALCIUM CARBONATE) George Washington: BEFORE acid rain George Washington: AFTER acid rain

19.3 ACIDS AND BASES IN YOUR BODY MANY REACTIONS, SUCH AS THE ONES THAT OCCUR IN YOUR BODY, WORK BEST AT SPECIFIC pH VALUES.

19.3 pH AND BLOOD THE pH OF YOUR BLOOD IS NORMALLY WITHIN THE RANGE OF 7.3–7.5. HOLDING YOUR BREATH CAUSES BLOOD pH TO DROP. HIGH BLOOD pH CAN BE CAUSED BY HYPERVENTILATING.

Are You Feeling a Little Sour? By nature, our slightly alkaline pH needs to remain balanced. Yet what we eat and drink changes our pH. For example, if you eat a lot of meat and no vegetables, your pH becomes acidic.

NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS WHEN ACIDS AND BASES MIX IN THE RIGHT PROPORTIONS, THEY CANCEL EACH OTHER OUT WATER AND SALT FORMS IN NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS IN YOUR BODY… ACIDIC DIGESTIVE FLUIDS LEAVE THE STOMACH WHERE THE PANCREAS AND LIVER PRODUCE A BASE TO NEUTRALIZE THE STOMACH ACID. NEUTRAL H⁺H⁺ OH ⁻ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ H⁺H⁺ Same number of H+ ions and OH- ions

ADD TO YOUR NOTES…. EACH pH VALUE IS A LOG OF 10 (pH OF 5 HAS 10x MORE H+ IONS THAN A pH OF 6)

HOQ – 5 TIX EACH! HOW ARE pH AND pOH RELATED TO EACH OTHER? EXPLAIN HOW pH SCALE IS A RELATIONSHIP OF THE AMOUNT OF HYDROGEN TO HYDROXIDE IONS.

ACIDITY OF POPULAR CANDY WHICH WOULD DISSOLVE INTO THE MOST (H+) IONS IN SOLUTION? WHICH IS THE WEAKEST ACID? AT WHAT PH DO YOU LOSE TOOTH ENAMEL? CFU

SODIUM HYDROXIDE (NaOH) pH OF 13 WHAT DOES NaOH DISSOLVE TO IN WATER?

COMPARE/CONTRAST ON A LEFT SIDE PAGE (PG.6) GLUE THE CHART MS.KING GIVES YOU. PG COMPARE AND CONTRACTS CHARACTERISTICS OF ACIDS AND BASES. USE THE FOLLOWING WORDS HIGH EXPECTATIONS C – only with group; no off topic conversations H – use pg ; notes; people at your table A – acids & bases compare/contrast M – none; raise your hand to get up P – everyone! S UCCESS! 15 MINUTES Sour taste H 3 O+ ions Cleaning products pH greater than 7 pH less than 7 Corrosive Red litmus paper turns blue Fruits and juices Slippery Blue litmus paper turns red Reactive with metals Not reactive with metals OH- ions Bitter

C – MINIMUM; NO OFF TOPIC CONVERSATIONS H – USE YOUR NOTES A – ACIDS/BASES INDEPENDENT PRACTICE M – NONE; RAISE YOUR HAND TO GET UP P – EVERYONE! S UCCESS! INDEPENDENT PRACTICE FIND YOUR ASSIGNED SEAT GET THE INDEPENDENT PRACTICE FROM LAST CLASS AND COMPLETE IT 15 MINUTES MAX

QUIZ pt.1 – NO TALKING! 1.ALKALINE IS ANOTHER WORD FOR _____________. 2.BASES RELEASE (HYDROGEN/HYDRONIUM/HYDROXIDE) IONS IN WATER. a.WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR THIS ION? 3.ACIDS FORM (HYDROGEN/HYDRONIUM/HYDROXIDE) IONS IN WATER a.WHAT IS FORMULA FOR THIS ION? 4.ACIDS RELEASE (HYDROGEN/HYDRONIUM/HYDROXIDE) IONS IN WATER a.WHAT IS FORMULA FOR THIS ION? 5.pH IS THE MEASURE OF (HYDRONIUM/HYDROXIDE)__________________IONS.

QUIZ pt.2 – NO TALKING! 1.A SOLUTION IS A (HETEROGENEOUS/HOMOGENEOUS) MIXTURE. 2.WHICH IS ACIDIC: WATER, HAND SOAP, VINEGAR, OR AMMONIA? 3.WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PH VALUES IS THE MOST ACIDIC: PH=1, PH=3,PH=5, PH=14? 4.A NEUTRAL SOLUTION HAS A PH OF: PH=1, PH=5, PH=7, PH=14? 5.MOST PLANTS PREFER A SLIGHTLY ACIDIC SOIL WITH A PH RANGE OF: 2 TO 3, 6.5 TO 7.0, 7.5 TO 8.0, 9.0 TO BASES HAVE A PH (ABOVE/AT/BELOW) 7.