Living or Not???

Characteristics of living things Movement Response (to a stimulus) Growth Reproduction Adaptation Metabolism (all changes where energy is released)

A good acronym!! MRGRAMMRGRAM

Do you need to have all 6 characteristics?? Yes!! In order to be a living organism, you need to be able to do all 6 things.

Movement Plants move toward the light Some flowers close their petals at night The Venus Flytrap plant snaps shut when two of its sensitive hairs are touched at the same time.

Response/Stimulus All living organisms can respond to a stimulus: Response = what was done in response to the stimulus Stimulus = the thing that was done to initiate the response Example: Plant responds to the stimulus of touch: Mimosa pudica responds to touch Ivan Pavlov found that you could train dogs to salivate when they heard a bell!

Metabolism is a set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life

Adaptation Any characteristic that makes an organism better able to survive in its surroundings. EX: a dog’s coat keeps him warm in the winter

Growth All organism must grow

reproduction to be able, at some point in its life cycle, to produce more offspring.

Cells All living things are made up of cells Robert Hooke (1665) first discovered cells by looking at cork cells through a microscope.

The Cell Theory 1853 All organisms are made up of one or more cells Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms All cells come from cells that already exist

How are living things organized?? Living things are organized into one of 6 kingdoms A kingdom is a large group that shares some BASIC characteristics

Cells Prokaryotic pro=before karyote=nucleus No membrane around nucleus Ex: bacteria Eukaryotic Have a membrane around the nucleus Ex: almost everything except bacteria