Theophany in Revelation Vern Sheridan Poythress Westminster Theological Seminary.

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Presentation transcript:

Theophany in Revelation Vern Sheridan Poythress Westminster Theological Seminary

Theophany: Basic Points A. God’s glory is reflected in creation B. God’s glory is the source for the plan of Revelation C. Interpret the symbols of Revelation recognizing that God is at the center

l 24 thrones image one throne (Rev. 4:4). l Angels are “sons of God” (Job 1:6; 2:1). l They execute God’s decrees (Isa. 6:6-7; Ezek. 9:4; 10:2; Ps. 103:20-21). Angels Image God 24 elders

God’s Glory Reflected ligh t kingshi p presenc e beaut y

7 Cycles Follow Reflection God; Lam b 7 angels in court cosmi c theate r church; false church templ e 5:1; 6:1 1 8:2 2 12: : :1-19:10 5 last Ada m 19:11 God & man 6 reignin g saints 20:4 7

God’s Mystery Reflected in Symbols God’s Trinitarian nature God’s appearing in Rev. God’s surroundings all of Revelation

A. Theophany in General

Definition of Theophany More than one definition is possible. I want a broad definition. “An encounter with divine presence accompanied by extraordinary manifestation or display mediating that presence.” Include veiled or elusive manifestations.

Theophany in Spiritual Growth Know God as revealed in Rev. 2 Cor. 3:18 applies theophanic language to the heart of Christian experience. Growth in Christ is unbounded, Eph. 3: theophan y in Christ transformation of believers in Christ Inexhaustibl e.

Theophany in Revelation Christophany in 1:12-20 Theophany in 4:1-5:14 Empowers judgments 6:1-22:5 1:12-22:5 as a whole

B. Imaging in Theophanies

l 24 thrones image one throne (Rev. 4:4). l Angels are “sons of God” (Job 1:6; 2:1). l They execute God’s decrees (Isa. 6:6-7; Ezek. 9:4; 10:2; Ps. 103:20-21). Angels Image God 24 elders

3 Layers in Ezekiel 1 Cloud ChariotMan

Fire Imaging in Ezekiel 1 Fire Cloud 1:4 Chariot 1:13-14 Man 1:27 meaning: God’s judgment (Isa. 66:15; Ps. 97:3) meaning: God’s judgment (Isa. 66:15; Ps. 97:3)

Imaging in Ezekiel 1 1:49:3-4 1:71:24 1:27; 8:2?1:25,28 Cloud Chariot Man Bronz e Voic e meaning: firm-ness of judgment pronounce judgment pronounce judgment

Inner Meaning of Man Theophany Cloud Chariot Man AttributesTrinity deep

Eyes Ears Arm Hand Feet Face Nostrils Mouth Attributes in Human Form l Knowledge, Prov. 15:3; 2 Chron. 16:9; Ps. 80:14; Jer. 32:19; Ps. 11:4. l Answering prayer, Ps. 34:15. l Power, Luke 1:51; Ps. 44:3. l Care, Isa. 49:2; Ezek. 8:1; 37:1. l Dominion, Isa. 60:13; 63:3. l Presence, Exod. 33:9-11, l Wrath, Ps. 18:15, 8. l Articulate speech.

Attributes and Spirit Ps. 139:7; 51:11; Ezek. 39:29 Rev. 5:6; 1:4-5. Ezek. 8:1 vs. 11:5. Luke 11:20 vs. Matt. 12:28; 2 Cor. 3:3. Ps. 18:15; Ezek. 37 (Ps. 104:3) Luke 1:35. Exod. 14:24; 15:6, 8, 12; Isa. 63: Face Eyes Hand Finger Breath Power Many

Attributes and Trinity Individual attributes Holy Spirit Whole human figure Christ Incarnate

C. Lessons from Theophany

God Centered Universe 4 living creatures 24 elders myriads of angels every creature in heaven, earth, under the earth, sea

God’s Glory in History all things spread of glory Unstoppabl e.

God’s Glory Copied literal human king God as merely metaphorical King realit y original King copy king man- centered thinking

God’s Glory Reflected ligh t kingshi p presenc e beaut y

God’s Glory Now In redemption, 5:2-6 In creation, 4:11  Light  Cloud  Thunder  Trees (life)  Houses

God’s Mystery Reflected in Symbols God’s Trinitarian nature God’s appearing in Rev. God’s surroundings all of Revelation

Evangelism from Theophany Don Richardson, Peace Child, illustrates the challenges. You may start from general revelation, water, trees, the sun, marriage, power (kingship).

Worship from Theophany Seeing God in majesty Prais e 4:8 Aw e 1:17 Imitatio n 2 Cor. 3:18

D. Imaging and Spatial Structure

Kingship Reflected Go d angeli c court heaven and earth image Ada m other peopl e eart h Ede n

Presence Reflected God indwellin g angeli c court heaven and earth yo u churc h image kingdom / temple 1: 14 4: 4 5:1 3 11:1 9 1: :2 0

Beauty Reflected Go d angeli c court heaven and earth yo u churc h Rev. 4:3; splendor Ezek. 1:16 Rev. 21:19-21 kingdo m Rev. 21:19-21 Isa. 61:10; 62:3 Exod. 28:15-21

E. Spatial Structures in Revelation

7 Cycles Follow Reflection God; Lam b 7 angels in court cosmi c theate r church; false church templ e 5:1; 6:1 1 8:2 2 12: : :1-19:10 5 last Ada m 19:11 God & man 6 reignin g saints 20:4 7

Final Reflection: New Jerusalem 7 angels in court cosmi c theate r last Ada m church; false church templ e God & man reigning saints 7 God; Lam b Go d 8 new Jerusalem

H. The Lamb and the Scroll

God’s Scroll Heavenly books contain God’s plans, Dan. 10:21; 12:4, 9; (8:26) Heavenly scene Heavenl y books Universal context Plan for history sealed = inaccessible Who can bring God’s plan to realization?

The Lamb’s Ability (5:5-6) Lion, Root of David Lamb Slain With Spirit able Yes !