Statistica /Statistics

Statistics is a discipline that has as its goal the study of quantity and quality of a particular phenomenon in conditions of uncertainty or nondeterminism, ie not complete knowledge of it or part of it. It makes use of the scientific method [ 1 ] and mathematics to study the ways in which a collective phenomenon can be summed up and understood. This happens through the collection and analysis of information about the phenomenon studied. The term statistics, in everyday language, also simply indicates the numerical results ( statistics mentioned in the news, such as : inflation, GDP etc. ) of a process of synthesis of the observed data.

Statistics is somehow linked to the theory of probability returning both in the wider context of the theory of random phenomena, but while the probability theory deals with providing probabilistic theoretical models or probability distributions adaptable to various real random phenomena defining the parameters of random variable in question, the statistical part of a random sample to describe its statistical properties, or ascend or infer the underlying probabilistic model and the estimation of its parameters ( mean, variance, standard deviation, mode, median ). The statistical science is commonly divided into two main branches :  Descriptive statistics  inferential statistics

descriptive statistics set of methods that concern the collection, presentation, the definition of a set of data related to a population in order to describe the characteristics adequately. The data collected can be classified through simple or complex deployments : a distribution is called " simple" if every individual in the population or sample is associated with a single character a distribution is called a " complex " if every individual in the population or sample are associated with at least two characters inferential statistics of method together that allow, relying only on the ratings made ​​on the sample, to estimate the parameters of one or more characters of a population. From a philosophical point of view, these are mathematical techniques to quantify the process of learning through experience mathematical statistics is the branch of mathematics that deals with collecting, grouping, analyzing and interpreting the data for certain phenomena, and some predictions regarding the development of these phenomena in the future