Data SnapShot Series 1.1 May 2015 DATA SNAPSHOT Harrison County

2 Hometown Collaboration Initiative This report has been produced by the Purdue Center for Regional Development as a part of the Indiana Hometown Collaboration Initiative (HCI). HCI is funded, in part, by the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs.

Table of contents Introduction 01 Demography 02 Economy 03 Labor Market 04

​ Purpose ​ About Harrison County 01 introduction

5 Purpose ​ This document provides information and data about Harrison County that can be used to guide local decision- making activities. ​ The Data SnapShot showcases a variety of demographic, economic and labor market information that local leaders, community organizations and others can use to gain a better perspective on current conditions and opportunities in their county. ​ To strengthen the value and usability of the information, we showcase the data using a variety of visual tools, such as charts, graphs and tables. In addition, we offer key points about the data as a way of assisting the user with the interpretation of the information presented. ​ Finally, short takeaway messages are offered at the end of each section in order to highlight some of the more salient findings. Introduction section 01

6 About Harrison County Introduction section 01 County Background Established1808 County Seat Corydon Area487 sq. mi. Neighboring Counties Crawford, IN Floyd, IN Hardin, KY Jefferson, KY Meade, KY Washington, IN

​ Population change ​ Population pyramids ​ Race ​ Ethnicity ​ Educational attainment ​ Takeaways 02 demography

8 Population change Components of Population Change, Total Change3,292* Natural Increase1,678 International Migration283 Domestic Migration1,526 The total population is projected to increase by 10 percent between 2013 and Demography ​ Sources: STATSIndiana, U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census, 2010 Decennial Census, 2013 Estimates, Estimates of the Components of Resident Population Change section 02 The total population in Harrison County increased by 14 percent between 2000 and Natural increase (births minus deaths over that span of time) and domestic migration (the difference between the number of people moving into the county versus moving out) were both major contributors to that expansion. Natural increase showed a net growth of almost 1,700 people, while domestic in-migration outpaced out-migration by more than 1,500 people. International migration also had a net increase of almost 300, indicating that the county experienced an influx of new people from outside the U.S. Total population projections *Total change in population differs from the sum of the components due to Census estimation techniques. Residuals (not reported here) make up the difference.

9 Population pyramids Population pyramids are visual representations of the age distribution of the population by gender. Approximately 50.2 percent of the population was female in 2000 (17,226) and that percent remained about the same in What did change is the distribution of people across the various age categories. A larger share of people shifted into the higher age groupings over the 2000 to 2013 time period. Demography ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 Annual Population Estimates section 02 In particular, people 60 and over swelled from 6.8% to 10.3% for males and from 8.5% to 11.8% for females between 2000 and Individuals of prime working age (20-49 years old) took a dip from 21.9% to 18.7% for males, and from 21.7% to 18.5% for females. Also dropping in percentage points were people under 19 years old. Male Female Male Female

10 Race The number of non-White residents in Harrison County increased by one percentage point between 2000 and Every race experienced a numerical increase, with Whites gaining the most people. Of the non-White population, Black and Mixed Descent races gained the most people, resulting in the expansion of the population of Other Races from 1 percent to 2 percent of the total population between 2000 and Demography ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 Annual Population Estimates section

11 Ethnicity Hispanics are individuals of any race whose ancestry is from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Spain, the Dominican Republic or any other Spanish- speaking Central or South American country. There were 336 Hispanics residing in Harrison County in This figure expanded to 672 by 2013, a 100 percent increase. As a result, Hispanics now make up 2 percent of the overall population (versus 1 percent in 2000). Demography ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 Annual Population Estimates section 02 2%2% 1%1% Hispanics Hispanics

12 Educational attainment Harrison County witnessed a 3 percent increase in the proportion of adults (25 and older) with an associate’s, bachelor’s or graduate degree from 2000 to The proportion of adults 25 years of age and older with a high school education or more improved from 80 percent in 2000 to 88 percent in Residents with less than a high school education fell by 8 percentage points, and those with some college education rose by 1 percentage point from The number of adults with a college degree or more increased from 19 percent in 2000 to 22 percent in This was due to a small increase in the percentage with associate’s degrees and persons with a bachelor's degree and above. Demography ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – 2000 Decennial Census and 2013 ACS section

13 Takeaways ​ The population of Harrison County is expected to grow over the next few years, and if past trends hold, that increase will be largely due to both natural increase (more births than deaths) and domestic migration (more people moving into than out of the county). ​ While Harrison County’s population grew over the period, it has also been aging. Despite positive growth in its population resulting from domestic migration, the population pyramids show that the county lost several residents in the and age categories, as well as in the under 20 age grouping. ​ While the population remains largely white and non-Hispanic, the racial and ethnic diversity has been slowly increasing in Harrison County. As ​ such, finding ways to address the needs and opportunities of a diversifying population will be important. The chances are quite strong that the diversity of the county is likely to continue. ​ The educational attainment of adults 25 and over has improved since 2000, but the number with only a high school education continues to be high (at 44 percent). Determining if this could be a barrier to economic growth is a topic worthy of examination. ​ Harrison County may want to explore the mix of services and amenities that will be vital to retaining and attracting educated young adults, including the availability of good quality jobs. Demography section 02

​ Establishments ​ Industries ​ Occupations ​ Income and poverty ​ Takeaways 03 economy

15 Establishments Components of Change for Establishments Total Change ( ) 1,337 Natural Change (births minus deaths) 1,269 Net Migration 68 The number of establishments in Harrison County doubled between 2000 and The rapid growth of establishments was largely due to natural change. Only a handful were due to gains from net migration. As such, 3,016 establishments were launched in the county between while 1,679 closed, resulting in a gain of 1,337 establishments. Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database section 03 An establishment is a physical business location. Branches, standalones and headquarters are all considered types of establishments. Definition of Company Stages Self- employed 2-9 employees employees employees 500+ employees Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire year. Establishment information was calculated in-house and may differ slightly from publicly available data.

16 Number of establishments by stage/employment category Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database section StageEstablishmentsProportionEstablishmentsProportion Stage %1,01736% Stage %1,61057% Stage %1937% Stage 3 111%90% Stage 4 30%2*0% Total 1,494100%2,831100% Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire year. *ReferenceUSA indicates three Stage 4 companies, however, NETS does not have one of these companies as a Stage 4 establishment. Additional information is available on the next slide.

17 Top five employers in 2015 Economy ​ Source: ReferenceUSA (Infogroup) and Harrison County Economic Development Corporation section 03 EstablishmentStage 1. Horseshoe Southern IndianaStage 4 2. Harrison County HospitalStage 4 3. Tyson Foods Inc.Stage 4 4. Blue River Services Inc. – Housing Stage 3 5. ICON Metal FormingStage 3 The top five employers produce a mix of local, national and global goods and services. Horseshoe Southern Indiana in Elizabeth is the largest establishment-level employer in Harrison County. Tyson Foods and ICON Metal Forming are the main producers of national and global goods, while the Harrison County Hospital and Blue River Services provide primarily local and regional goods and services. Information on the top five establishments by employment comes from ReferenceUSA. ReferenceUSA is a library database service provided by Infogroup, the company that also supplies the list of major employers for Hoosiers by the Numbers. While both NETS and ReferenceUSA contain establishments, differences in data collection processes result in discrepancies between the two sources. We use NETS for a broad picture of establishments in the county, while ReferenceUSA is used for studying individual establishments.

18 Number of jobs by stage/employment category Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database section StageJobs*ProportionJobs*Proportion Stage %1,0177% Stage 1 3,02122%4,73431% Stage 2 4,22331%4,90432% Stage 3 2,52018%1,90612% Stage 4 3,60926%2,80018% Total 13,843100%15,361100% Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire year. *Includes both full-time and part-time jobs

19 Amount of sales (2011 dollars) by stage/employment category Economy ​ Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database section StageSalesProportionSalesProportion Stage 0 $53,746,1993%$67,343,7764% Stage 1 $354,621,28420%$358,383,72324% Stage 2 $491,690,56228%$469,845,69531% Stage 3 $356,392,40021%$211,304,64914% Stage 4 $478,120,69528%$398,942,30026% Total $1,734,571,141100%$1,505,820,143100% Note: The 2011 figures use 2012 data to include all gains and losses over the entire year.

20 Top five industries in percent of jobs are tied to one of the top five industries in Harrison County. Government is the largest industry sector (2,187 jobs). Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting is the smallest of the top industry sectors with 1,071 jobs. All of the top five industries in Harrison County, except Government, lost jobs between 2002 and Of these, Manufacturing lost the most (-42.5 percent), followed by Arts, Entertainment and Recreation (-30.5 percent). Government experienced a 11.5 percent gain in jobs over the time period. Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors section 03

21 Industry distribution and change NAICS Code Description Jobs 2002 Jobs 2013 Change ( ) % Change ( ) Average Total Earnings Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 1,2461, %$32,558 21Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction %$53,503 22Utilities %$90,731 23Construction %$25, Manufacturing 2,8761,654-1,222-42%$46,154 42Wholesale Trade %$42, Retail Trade 2,1091, %$23, Transportation & Warehousing %$45,365 51Information %$44,519 52Finance & Insurance %$51,511 53Real Estate & Rental & Leasing %$23,516 54Professional, Scientific & Technical Services %$30,239 55Management of Companies and Enterprises %$48,925 56Administrative & Waste Management %$19,325 61Educational Services (Private) %$25,885 62Health Care & Social Assistance %$32,696 71Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 2,4621, %$36,601 72Accommodation and Food Services %$16,983 81Other Services (except Public Administration) 8311, %$15,711 90Government 1,9622, %$44,841 99Unclassified Industry 0000%$0 AllTotal 17,01114,939-2,072-12%$34,202 Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors section 03 Note: Average total earnings include wages, salaries, supplements and earnings from investments and proprietorships.

22 Industry distribution and change The largest percentage gains in employment in Harrison County occurred in:  Real Estate and Rental and Leasing (+38.2 percent)  Other Services (+20.6 percent) The largest percentage losses in employment occurred in:  Educational Services, private (-58.8 percent)  Management of Companies and Enterprises (-50.0 percent) Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors section 03 Employment Increase Employment Decrease Industries with the largest gains and losses in employment numbers between 2002 & 2013: Government (+225) Other Services (+171) Manufacturing (-1,222) Arts & Recreation (-750) Retail Trade (-446)

23 Top five occupations in 2013 The top five occupations in Harrison County represent 49.8 percent of all jobs. Sales & Related (1,846 jobs) and Management (1,584 jobs) are the top two occupations in Harrison County. Food Preparation & Serving Related occupations is the smallest of the top five occupations with 1,295 jobs. All five top occupations in Harrison County had a decrease in jobs between 2002 and However, Office & Administrative Support lost the most (-19.0 percent), followed by Personal Care (-12.5 percent). Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors section 03

24 SOCDescription Jobs 2002 Jobs 2013 Change ( ) % Change ( ) Hourly Earnings Management 1,7521, %$ Business & Financial Operations %$ Computer & Mathematical %$ Architecture & Engineering %$ Life, Physical & Social Science %$ Community & Social Service %$ Legal %$ Education, Training & Library %$ Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media %$ Health Care Practitioners & Technical %$ Health Care Support %$ Protective Service %$ Food Preparation & Serving Related 1,3711, %$ Building & Grounds Cleaning Maintenance %$ Personal Care & Service 1,4891, %$ Sales & Related 2,0351, %$ Office & Administrative Support 1,7401, %$ Farming, Fishing & Forestry %$ Construction & Extraction %$ Installation, Maintenance & Repair %$ Production 2,0531, %$ Transportation & Material Moving 1,1711, %$ Military %$ Unclassified %$12.01 AllTotal 17,01114,939-2,072-12%$16.14 Occupation distribution and change Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors section 03

25 Occupation distribution and change Economy ​ Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – – QCEW Employees, Non-QCEW Employees, Self-Employed, and Extended Proprietors section 03 The largest percentage gains in jobs in Harrison County occurred in:  Health Care Support (+44.5 percent)  Unclassified (+27.5 percent) The largest percentage losses in employment occurred in:  Architecture and Engineering (-48.8 percent)  Production (-42.1 percent) Occupations with the largest gains and losses in employment numbers between 2002 & 2013: Health Care Practitioners (+110) Health Care Support (+106) Production (-864) Office & Administrative Support (-331) Employment Increase Employment Decrease

26 Income and poverty Total Population in Poverty 7.2%8.7%13.0% Minors (up to age 17) in Poverty 9.5%13.0%17.3% Real Median Household Income (2013)* $58,432 $56,182 $50,321 Real Per Capita Income (2013)* $34,182 $33,172 $34,410 The median household income in Harrison County dipped by $8,000 between 2000 and 2013 in real dollars (that is, adjusted for inflation), while average income per person rose by only $200 in real dollars over the same time period. Both the total population in poverty and the number of minors in poverty nearly doubled between 2000 and 2013, with the population of minors in poverty increasing to 17.3 percent in Economy ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) and U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis – Regional Personal Income Summary section 03 *Real median household income is the middle income value in the county. Half of the county’s households fall above this line and half below. Real per capita personal income is the average income per person in the county.

27 Income and poverty Median household income in Harrison County has decreased since However, per capita income has remained about the same over the same time period. Poverty rates for adults and minors have been increasing since 2002 with a sharp increase occurring in The 2013 rates remain high relative to the early 2000s. Economy ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) and U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis – Regional Personal Income Summary section 03

28 Takeaways ​ Growth in the number of establishments in Harrison County occurred in businesses with fewer than 10 employees (the self- employed and Stage 1 enterprises). These are two components of the local economy that are often overlooked but may deserve closer attention by local leaders. ​ Harrison County might focus on policies and programs that strengthen high-growth Stage 2 firms since they employ several people and capture sizable sales. ​ Government and health care industries are employment growth areas for Harrison County. But the large declines in manufacturing industry jobs paying good wages (average of $46,000 a year) and production-related jobs (average wages of $16 per hour) between 2002 and 2013 may have contributed to falling median income levels over that time period. Because real median income has decreased and poverty has nearly doubled in Harrison County since 2000, services targeted to poverty-stricken individuals and households should be considered. This is especially an issue for the expanding number of children in poverty. Promoting job growth for occupations requiring educated workers could help retain adults with higher educational attainment and help increase median income. Economy section 03

​ Labor force and unemployment ​ Commuteshed ​ Laborshed Workforce inflow/outflow ​ Takeaways 04 labor market

30 Labor force and unemployment Labor Force 18,74719,731 Unemployment Rate 4.7%7.0% The labor force in Harrison County increased by 5.2 percent between 2002 and It is likely that some of the new entrants to the labor force were not able to find jobs, leading to the concurrent increase in the unemployment rate. Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Local Area Unemployment Statistics (2013 Annual Data Release) section 04

31 Unemployment rate Unemployment increased dramatically after 2007, peaking at 9.2 percent in Since that time, the rate has been on a slow but steady decline, dipping to 7.0 percent by Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Local Area Unemployment Statistics (2013 Annual Data Release) section 04

32 Commuteshed A county’s commuteshed is the geographic area to which its resident work force travels to work. Seventy-six percent of employed residents in Harrison County commute to jobs located outside of the county. Jefferson County, Kentucky, is the biggest destination for residents who work outside of Harrison County. Thirty-nine percent of out-commuters work in counties adjacent to Harrison County; however, the fourth largest work destination outside Harrison County is the Indianapolis metropolitan area (Marion County), while the fifth largest is the Evansville metropolitan area (Vanderburgh County). Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) section 04 14,102 Out-Commuters 4,393 Same Work/ Home CommutersProportion Jefferson, KY 4, % Floyd, IN 2, % Clark, IN 1, % Marion, IN % Vanderburgh, IN %

33 Commuteshed in 2011 Labor market section 04 ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD Seventy percent of Harrison County’s working residents are employed either in Harrison, Floyd or Clark Counties in Indiana, or Jefferson County, Kentucky. Another 5 percent commute to Marion or Vanderburgh Counties. An additional 5 percent travel to jobs in Allen, Crawford, Monroe, Tippecanoe or Washington Counties. Collectively, these eleven counties represent 80 percent of the commuteshed for Harrison County.

34 Laborshed CommutersProportion Floyd, IN % Jefferson, KY % Clark, IN % Crawford, IN % Washington, IN % Labor market ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) section 04 5,587 In-Commuters 4,393 Same Work/ Home A county’s laborshed is the geographic area from which it draws employees. Fifty-six percent of individuals working in Harrison County commute from another county. Forty-eight percent of in-commuters reside in counties adjacent to Harrison County. Floyd County, Indiana, and Jefferson County, Kentucky, are the biggest sources of laborers outside of Harrison County.

35 Laborshed in 2011 Labor market section 04 ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD The bulk (70 percent) of Harrison County’s workforce is drawn from Harrison, Floyd and Clark Counties in Indiana or Jefferson County, Kentucky. Another 5 percent is drawn from Crawford County in Indiana. An additional 5 percent comes from Washington and Marion Counties in Indiana and Meade County in Kentucky. Combined, the eight counties represent 80 percent of Harrison County’s laborshed.

36 Workforce inflow and outflow in 2011 Labor market section 04 ​ Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD Harrison County has more laborers traveling out of the county for work than into the county for work. Net commuting is negative, with a loss of 8,515 commuters. The resulting situation is that for every 100 employed residents, Harrison County has 54 jobs. CountProportion Employed in Harrison County 9,980100% Both employed and living in the county 4,39344% Employed in the county but living outside 5,58756% Living in Harrison County 18,495100% Both living and employed in the county 4,39324% Living in the county but employed outside 14,10276%

37 Takeaways ​ Harrison County’s unemployment rate has increased since 2002, swelling to over 9 percent in The majority of this increase occurred during the period of the Great Recession (approximately 2008–10). The rate has since been decreasing. ​ Concurrent with population increases, the county’s labor force has increased since However, the increased unemployment rate indicates that new entrants to the labor force may be experiencing difficulties finding a job. ​ Employees that work but do not live in Harrison County tend to commute from surrounding counties. People who commute out of the county for work often travel to other metropolitan areas. ​ Harrison County should assess if a major workforce development training effort should be targeted to the growing number of working age adults struggling to find jobs. Furthermore, determining the human capital attributes of workers who commute to jobs outside the county might be insightful. It may provide the information needed to determine how best to reduce the leakage of educated and skilled workers to surrounding counties. ​ The laborshed and commuteshed data offer solid evidence of the value of pursuing economic and workforce development on a regional (multi-county) basis. Labor market section 04

38 Notes ​ LAUS (Local Area Unemployment Statistics): LAUS is a U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) program that provides monthly and annual labor force, employment and unemployment data by place of residence at various geographic levels. LAUS utilizes statistical models to estimate data values based on household surveys and employer reports. These estimates are updated annually. Annual county- level LAUS estimates do not include seasonal adjustments. ​ LEHD (Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics): LEHD is a partnership between U.S. Census Bureau and State Department of Workforce Development (DWD) to provide labor market and journey to work data at various geographic levels. LEHD uses Unemployment Insurance earnings data and Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages from DWDs and census administrative records related to individuals and businesses. ​ NETS (National Establishment Time Series): NETS is an establishment-level database, not a company-level database. This means that each entry is a different physical location, and company-level information must be created by adding the separate establishment components. ​ OTM (On the Map): OTM, a product of LEHD program, is used in the county snapshot report to develop commuting patterns for a geography from two perspectives: place of residence and place of work. At the highly detailed level of census blocks, some of the data are synthetic to maintain confidentiality of the worker. However, for larger regions mapped at the county level, the commuteshed and laborshed data are fairly reasonable. ​ OTM includes jobs for a worker employed in the reference as well as previous quarter. Hence, job counts are based on two consecutive quarters (six months) measured at the “beginning of a quarter.” OTM data can differ from commuting patterns developed from state annual income tax returns, which asks a question about “county of residence” and “county of work” on January 1 of the tax-year. OTM can also differ from American Community Survey data, which is based on a sample survey of the resident population. ​ SAIPE (Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates): SAIPE is a U.S. Census Bureau program that provides annual data estimates of income and poverty statistics at various geographic levels. The estimates are used in the administration of federal and state assistance programs. SAIPE utilizes statistical models to estimate data from sample surveys, census enumerations and administrative records.

39 Report Contributors This report was prepared by the Purdue Center for Regional Development in partnership with Purdue University Extension. Data Analysis Indraneel Kumar, Ph.D. Ayoung Kim Report Authors Elizabeth Dobis Bo Beaulieu, Ph.D. Report Design Tyler Wright

​ FOR MORE INFORMATION Purdue Center for Regional Development (PCRD)... seeks to pioneer new ideas and strategies that contribute to regional collaboration, innovation and prosperity. Purdue Extension Community Development (CD)... works to strengthen the capacity of local leaders, residents and organizations to work together to develop and sustain strong, vibrant communities. Please contact Annette Lawler County Extension Community Development Educator PCRD Mann Hall, Suite 266 Purdue University OR