Object-Oriented Programming Nova Southeastern University Cristal Locke This presentation is copyrighted by Cristal Locke, December 12, All rights reserved.

Definition of Object Oriented Programming (OOP)  Object-oriented programming combines structured programming techniques and sophisticated data structures. It offers developers the ability to combine data and processes (called methods) into one component called an object. In other words, an object contains everything required to perform a set of functions or behaviors, including data. Excerpt from Using Turbo C++ by David Linthicum and Larry Klein

Structured Programming vs Object- Oriented Programming (OOP)

Structured Programming  In structured programming, programmers break the program into smaller programs called modules.

 The main program calls the module and it does its job. The module may be programmed to call additional modules. Structured Programming

MModules may be shared by other modules. For example, one module’s job may be to change the color of the background. Many other modules (or little programs) may call upon this one module.

 If one module has to be changed, all modules that call this one (including the main program) must be changed as well. Structured Programming

 OOP does not require any breakdown of programs.  It is a combination of structured programming and data structures. Object-Oriented Programming

 Programmers combine small programs called methods and data into one component called an object.

Object-Oriented Programming AA class defines what the object is. For example, if the object is called “wallpaper,” the class tells the object what it means to be “wallpaper.” You are a dog. You have 4 legs, a tail, and you bark.

Object-Oriented Programming  The methods tell the object what to do. For example, if the object called “wallpaper” is intended to change the color of the wallpaper, the method is what tells the object to change. Ok, Dog… Beg!

Object-Oriented Programming  The programmer creates objects that can then be stored into a library.  The library is accessed whenever the program needs to complete a routine.

Hello World Sample Codes

Structured Hello World (Pascal) program helloworld; begin writeln ( 'Hello World!' ); writeln ( 'This is my first Pascal program.' ); readln; end.

OOP Hello World (C++) #include int main() { std::cout << "Hello world!\n"; }

Brief History of Object- Oriented Programming

OOP 1960’s  It all started with SIMULA and SIMULA 67, which came about in the 1960’s. Both languages used objects and classes.

OOP 1970’s  Smalltalk was then introduced by Xerox in the 1970’s. It was developed using SIMULA’s format.

OOP 1980’s to Present  In 1983, Bjarne Stroustrup, a member of the Information and Systems Software Research Lab at AT&T Bell Laboratories, developed C++, which is an extension of C Programming Language. C++ was C (a structured programming language) that uses classes.

 1993, Microsoft released Visual C This was an upgrade to C After numerous upgrades, Visual C++ is now called Visual C++.net.  In the early 1990’s, Sun developed Java, which solely uses objects and classes. OOP 1990’s to Present

Talking Programmers

Bibliography  Linthicum, D. & Klein, L. (1994). Using turbo C++ (1 st ed.). Que; ASIN:  Ross, J. & Zhang, H. (1997, October) Structured programmers learning object-oriented programming. SIGCHI. Retrieved December 7, 2002, from tml#HDR2 tml#HDR2  Dahl, O. & Nygaard, K. How object oriented programming started. Retrieved December 7, 2002, from MAPPE/F_OO_start.html MAPPE/F_OO_start.html

Contact Information Cristal Locke can be contacted through at or through d.htm This tutorial was created on December 15, 2002.

Permissions  Permission is hereby given to Nova Southeastern University students, who are taking WebCT courses, to use this presentation.  Cristal Locke, December 15, 2002