DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES OF THE JAWS DR.KABENGE.C

Classification Abnormalities of the maxilla or mandible Abnormalities of the maxilla or mandible Rare developmental diseases and syndromes Rare developmental diseases and syndromes

Abnormalities of the mandible Micrognathia True micrognathia; Usually caused by bilateral hypoplasia of the jaw or agenesis of the condyles. True micrognathia; Usually caused by bilateral hypoplasia of the jaw or agenesis of the condyles. Acquired micrognathia; Usually caused by unilateral early ankylosis of the TMJ. Acquired micrognathia; Usually caused by unilateral early ankylosis of the TMJ.

Abnormalities of the mandible or maxilla Macrognathia Genetic Genetic Relative due to mandibular or maxillary disparity. Relative due to mandibular or maxillary disparity. Acquired e.g. acromegally owing to excessive growth hormone from a pituitary tumour Acquired e.g. acromegally owing to excessive growth hormone from a pituitary tumour

Other mandibular abnormalities Condylar hypoplasia Condylar hypoplasia Condylar hyperplasia Condylar hyperplasia Bifid condyle. Bifid condyle. Coronoid hyperplasia Coronoid hyperplasia

Cleft lip and palate Cleft lip; unilateral with or without alveolar ridge. unilateral with or without alveolar ridge. Bilateral with or without the alveolar ridge. Bilateral with or without the alveolar ridge. 2. Cleft palate; Bifid uvula Bifid uvula Soft palate only. Soft palate only. Soft and hard palate. Soft and hard palate. 3. Clefts of both lip and palate

Localized bone defects Exostoses Torus palatinus Torus palatinus Torus mandibularis Torus mandibularis Idiopathic bone cavities; Stafne’s bone cavity; a depression on the lingual aspect of the angle of the mandible, thought to contain salivary gland tissue. 1-2cm in diameter, round, monolocular well defined with no effect on adjacent structures. Idiopathic bone cavities; Stafne’s bone cavity; a depression on the lingual aspect of the angle of the mandible, thought to contain salivary gland tissue. 1-2cm in diameter, round, monolocular well defined with no effect on adjacent structures.

Other rare developmental disorders Cherubism Cherubism Cleidocranial dysplasia Cleidocranial dysplasia Gorlin’s syndrome. Gorlin’s syndrome. Eagle syndrome Eagle syndrome Crouzon syndrome Crouzon syndrome Apert syndrome Apert syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome

Cherubism Inherited as autosomal dominant Inherited as autosomal dominant 2-6 year olds 2-6 year olds Angle/posterior mandible bilaterally. Angle/posterior mandible bilaterally. Multilocular lesions, smooth and well defined with internal radiopaque septa with gross displacement of teeth. Multilocular lesions, smooth and well defined with internal radiopaque septa with gross displacement of teeth. Radiologically resemble giant cell lesions Radiologically resemble giant cell lesions

Cleidocranial dysplasia Rare developmental disorder affecting the skull and clavicles. Rare developmental disorder affecting the skull and clavicles. Aplasia or hypoplasia of the clavicles. Aplasia or hypoplasia of the clavicles. Widening of cranium, delayed ossification of the fontanelles,large number of wormian bones, frontal bossing. Widening of cranium, delayed ossification of the fontanelles,large number of wormian bones, frontal bossing. Small underdeveloped maxillae, delayed eruption of permanent teeth with cyst formation, multiple supernumerary teeth Small underdeveloped maxillae, delayed eruption of permanent teeth with cyst formation, multiple supernumerary teeth

Gorlin’s syndrome Basal cell carcinomas Basal cell carcinomas Bifid ribs Bifid ribs Bossing of the skull. Bossing of the skull. Calcified Falx Cerebri. Calcified Falx Cerebri. Multiple odontogenic keratocysts. Multiple odontogenic keratocysts.

Eagle’s, Apert’ s and Crouzon’s syndrome Copper beaten appearance of the cranium Copper beaten appearance of the cranium Premature fusion of the cranial sutures. Premature fusion of the cranial sutures. Hypoplastic maxillae Hypoplastic maxillae