# # Vietnam War Comic Strips Background: By 1950, a war broke out on the Korean Peninsula between communist North Korea and Democratic South Korea, but the war involved many nations of the world. This was one of many theaters of the Cold War. Cold War Korea Vietnam War Berlin Cuba Greece Latin America Laos Cambodia Poland

# # Vietnam War Comic Strips Background: By 1950, a war broke out on the Korean Peninsula between communist North Korea and Democratic South Korea, but the war involved many nations of the world. This was one of many theaters of the Cold War. Cold War Korea Vietnam War Berlin Cuba Greece Latin America Laos Cambodia Poland

# # Vietnam War Comic Strips Background: After the French were defeated in their former Southeast Asian colony, Vietnam was temporarily divided with hopes to unify the country with elections. Instead, a struggle for control of the country developed between communist north and anti-communist south. Follow along to find out major turning points in this conflict.

Fold your blank paper into 8 squares (4x2). When you see the red numbered symbol, fill in one of your eight comic strip boxes with a title, caption and drawing for that slide. Be sure that your titles or captions include all 12 of the key terms listed on the left! 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon # # Vietnam War Comic Strips

Fold your blank paper into 8 squares (4x2). When you see the red numbered symbol, fill in one of your eight comic strip boxes with a title, caption and drawing for that slide. Be sure that your titles or captions include all 12 of the key terms listed on the left! 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon # # Vietnam War Comic Strips Where are they hiding!? (Vietcong insurgent)

1 Temporary split at the 17 th parallel 2 Vietcong insurgencies in the South 3 U.S. military involvement Escalates 4 Gulf of Tonkin Incident & Resolution 5 Bombing (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia) 6 Tet Offensive & Morale in the North 7 Vietnamization, Ceasefire, & US Exit 8 War resumes & the North takes over Follow along to learn about new terms and create comic strips for steps in the Vietnam War. # # Vietnam War Comic Strips

1 In 1954, the French signed an agreement to end hostilities in Vietnam. A temporary line was drawn at the 17 th parallel to divide North and South Vietnam until nationwide elections were to be held in The United States opposed the nationwide elections, fearing that the communists would gain control of the country. The South Vietnamese also opposed elections to unify the country. 1 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Temporary split at the 17 th parallel” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon  17 th parallel Ho Chi Minh Ngo Dinh Diem

1 In 1954, the French signed an agreement to end hostilities in Vietnam. A temporary line was drawn at the 17 th parallel to divide North and South Vietnam until nationwide elections were to be held in The United States opposed the nationwide elections, fearing that the communists would gain control of the country. The South Vietnamese also opposed elections to unify the country. 1 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Temporary split at the 17 th parallel” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon  17 th parallel

2 2 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Vietcong insurgencies in the South” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon Both halves of Vietnam anticipated a conflict. The Soviets and Chinese pledge to help supply the North, and the U.S. begins training South Vietnamese with military advisors. Communist insurgents in South Vietnam known as the Vietcong become active, even building elaborate underground tunnels to hide in. Communist guerillas practiced terrorism and assassinated hundreds of South Vietnamese officials by The North Vietnamese began moving weapons along the Ho Chi Minh Trail through Laos and Cambodia and into South Vietnam. The South Vietnamese government began to crack down on communist activity.

2 2 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Vietcong insurgencies in the South” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon Both halves of Vietnam anticipated a conflict. The Soviets and Chinese pledge to help supply the North, and the U.S. begins training South Vietnamese with military advisors. Communist insurgents in South Vietnam known as the Vietcong become active, even building elaborate underground tunnels to hide in. Communist guerillas practiced terrorism and assassinated hundreds of South Vietnamese officials by The North Vietnamese began moving weapons along the Ho Chi Minh Trail through Laos and Cambodia and into South Vietnam. The South Vietnamese government began to crack down on communist activity.

2 2 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Vietcong insurgencies in the South” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon Both halves of Vietnam anticipated a conflict. The Soviets and Chinese pledge to help supply the North, and the U.S. begins training South Vietnamese with military advisors. Communist insurgents in South Vietnam known as the Vietcong become active, even building elaborate underground tunnels to hide in. Communist guerillas practiced terrorism and assassinated hundreds of South Vietnamese officials by The North Vietnamese began moving weapons along the Ho Chi Minh Trail through Laos and Cambodia and into South Vietnam. The South Vietnamese government began to crack down on communist activity. Where are the others hiding!? (Vietcong insurgent) example

3 3 Vietnam War Comic Strips “U.S. military involvement Escalates” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon EisenhowerKennedyJohnson Nixon Send troops to Vietnam… More troops… LOTS more troops… More troops? Eisenhower deployed American military personnel to train the South Vietnamese. Kennedy sent 400 Green Beret advisors, and 16,000 troops by 1962 and signed the Foreign Assistance Act of 1962 which provided military assistance to nations on the rim of the communist world and under attack (Vietnam). Johnson initiated Operation Rolling Thunder, sent 185,000 U.S. troops by the end of 1965, sent more than 500,000 by the time he left office.

3 3 Vietnam War Comic Strips “U.S. military involvement Escalates” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon 1960 U.S. troop level: U.S. troop level: 3, U.S. troop level: 11, U.S. troop level: 16, U.S. troop level: 23, U.S. troop level: 184, U.S. troop level: 385, U.S. troop level: 486, U.S. troop level: 586,000 Eisenhower deployed American military personnel to train the South Vietnamese. Kennedy sent 400 Green Beret advisors, and 16,000 troops by 1962 and signed the Foreign Assistance Act of 1962 which provided military assistance to nations on the rim of the communist world and under attack (Vietnam). Johnson initiated Operation Rolling Thunder, sent 185,000 U.S. troops by the end of 1965, sent more than 500,000 by the time he left office.

4 In August of 1964, U.S. ships sitting in the Gulf of Tonkin were attacked by three N. Vietnamese torpedo boats. The attack was unsuccessful with only one U.S. ship damaged and six North Vietnamese sailors killed. A second alleged attack may have occurred, but likely didn’t happen. This led to Congress passing the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which gave President Johnson the power to “take all necessary measures” to protect Southeast Asian countries without Congress committing to a formal declaration of war. 4 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Gulf of Tonkin Incident & Resolution” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon I think the North Vietnamese attacked us. We should give President Johnson more war power. North Vietnamese motor torpedo boat attacking the USS Maddox

4 4 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Gulf of Tonkin Incident & Resolution” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon In August of 1964, U.S. ships sitting in the Gulf of Tonkin were attacked by three N. Vietnamese torpedo boats. The attack was unsuccessful with only one U.S. ship damaged and six North Vietnamese sailors killed. A second alleged attack may have occurred, but likely didn’t happen. This led to congress passing the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which gave president Johnson the power to “take all necessary measures” to protect Southeast Asian countries without congress committing to a formal declaration of war. Now I can run this “war” without congress actually voting for the U.S. to go to war.

5 5 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Bombing (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia)” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon From , U.S. forces began bombing raids of insurgent regions of South Vietnam; calling it Operation Rolling Thunder. This was to boost morale, to force the North to stop infiltrating the South, to flush enemies out, and to destroy Northern transports and bases. In the 1970s, other bombing campaigns aimed at North Vietnam and the Northern capital of Hanoi, called Operation Linebacker II. Bombings aimed at North Vietnamese hiding in Laos and Cambodia also occurred.

5 5 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Bombing (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia)” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon From , U.S. forces began bombing raids of insurgent regions of South Vietnam; calling it Operation Rolling Thunder. This was to boost morale, to force the North to stop infiltrating the South, to flush enemies out, and to destroy Northern transports and bases. In the 1970s, other bombing campaigns aimed at North Vietnam and the Northern capital of Hanoi, called Operation Linebacker II. Bombings aimed at North Vietnamese hiding in Laos and Cambodia also occurred.

6 The Tet Offensive took place in 1968, at the height of American troop involvement. It was called such because it began on Tet Nguyen Dan, the Vietnamese lunar new year (January 30 th, 1968). The Tet Offensive was a series of over 100 coordinated attacks by the North and an attempt to occupy several positions in South Vietnam. Although it was not successful in terms of gaining land, it was discouraging to U.S. forces (and citizens back home), who realized that the war was not going to end any time soon. Though the Tet offensive was a military defeat for the communists, it was a psychological and political victory. 6 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Tet Offensive & Morale in the North” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon

6 6 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Tet Offensive & Morale in the North” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon The Tet Offensive took place in 1968, at the height of American troop involvement. It was called such because it began on Tet Nguyen Dan, the Vietnamese lunar new year (January 30 th, 1968). The Tet Offensive was a series of over 100 coordinated attacks by the North and an attempt to occupy several positions in South Vietnam. Although it was not successful in terms of gaining land, it was discouraging to U.S. forces (and citizens back home), who realized that the war was not going to end any time soon. Though the Tet offensive was a military defeat for the communists, it was a psychological and political victory.

7 Vietnamization was the replacing of U.S. troops with trained Vietnamese troops. From 1968 to 1972, the number of U.S. troops in Vietnam went from 543,000 to 39,000. A cease-fire was signed in Paris by both sides in January of 1973, and the last U.S. troops left Vietnam soon after. U.S. Advisor Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho of North Vietnam were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their role in the negotiations. Kissinger accepted the award, but Le Duc Tho did not, saying that there was not yet peace in Vietnam. 7 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Vietnamization, Ceasefire, & US Exit” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon

7 7 Vietnam War Comic Strips “Vietnamization, Ceasefire, & US Exit” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon Vietnamization was the replacing of U.S. troops with trained Vietnamese troops. From 1968 to 1972, the number of U.S. troops in Vietnam went from 543,000 to 39,000. A cease-fire was signed in Paris by both sides in January of 1973, and the last U.S. troops left Vietnam soon after. U.S. Advisor Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho of North Vietnam were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their role in the negotiations. Kissinger accepted the award, but Le Duc Tho did not, saying that there was not yet peace in Vietnam. Henry Kissinger Le Duc Tho

8 In 1974, the war picked up again between the North and South. The communists launched a major offensive in South Vietnam, capturing planes, equipment, and important regions near the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon. Since the U.S. did not respond or intervene, the North carried on even more aggressively. Non-military Americans left Saigon in April of 1975 in the largest helicopter evacuation in history as the communist forces took over the city. 8 Vietnam War Comic Strips “ War resumes & the North takes over ” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon

8 8 Vietnam War Comic Strips “ War resumes & the North takes over ” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon In 1974, the war picked up again between the North and South. The communists launched a major offensive in South Vietnam, capturing planes, equipment, and important regions near the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon. Since the U.S. did not respond or intervene, the North carried on even more aggressively. Non-military Americans left Saigon in April of 1975 in the largest helicopter evacuation in history as the communist forces took over the city.

8 8 Vietnam War Comic Strips “ War resumes & the North takes over ” 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon In 1974, the war picked up again between the North and South. The communists launched a major offensive in South Vietnam, capturing planes, equipment, and important regions near the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon. Since the U.S. did not respond or intervene, the North carried on even more aggressively. Non-military Americans left Saigon in April of 1975 in the largest helicopter evacuation in history as the communist forces took over the city. watch?v=3AiyFF9qOls

Fold your blank paper into 8 squares (4x2). When you see the red numbered symbol, fill in one of your eight comic strip boxes with a title, caption and drawing for that slide. Be sure that your titles or captions include all 10 of the key terms listed on the left! # # Vietnam War Comic Strips Do you have titles? Captions? Visuals? Have you included all 12 terms on the left? 1 Vietnam War 2 First Indochina War 3 Ho Chi Minh 4 17 th Parallel 5 Vietcong 6 Saigon 7 Ho Chi Minh Trail 8 Gulf of Tonkin Incident 9 Tet Offensive 10 My Lai Massacre 11 Lyndon B. Johnson 12 Richard Nixon