Warm-Up  Have you ever heard the statement, “We are all stardust”? Do you believe this to be true? How could this statement be true?  Crosby, Stills,

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Notes 30.2 Stellar Evolution
Advertisements

Chapter 17 Star Stuff.
Life as a Low-mass Star Image: Eagle Nebula in 3 wavebands (Kitt Peak 0.9 m).
Stellar Evolution. The Mass-Luminosity Relation Our goals for learning: How does a star’s mass affect nuclear fusion?
Chapter 17 Star Stuff.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Clicker Questions Chapter 12 Stellar Evolution.
Life Cycles of Stars.
Classifying Stars Brightness. Some stars are so bright that you can see them even in a lighted city, while others are so dim that you can only see them.
Stellar Evolution. Basic Structure of Stars Mass and composition of stars determine nearly all of the other properties of stars Mass and composition of.
Elements from Stardust. Build a Diagram Find Hydrogen 1, Hydrogen 2 and Hydrogen 3 Bohr atom models. Illustrate Find typical Helium Bohr atom models.
The Life Cycle of a Star I can describe the life cycle of a star u Bell ringer – What type of magnitude is each definition referring to? 1. The true.
Pictures for life death of solar system. Nebulas.
Key Ideas How are stars formed?
Pictures for life death of solar system. Nebulas.
The UniverseSection 1 Question of the Day: Jackie used a portable electric drill to remove screws from a broken wooden table. He noticed that the screws.
The Sun... And Other Stars! Star Classification:.
The UniverseSection 1 Section 1: The Life and Death of Stars Preview Key Ideas Bellringer What Are Stars? Studying Stars The Life Cycle of Stars.
1 Stellar Lifecycles The process by which stars are formed and use up their fuel. What exactly happens to a star as it uses up its fuel is strongly dependent.
Chapter 17 Star Stuff.
The UniverseSection 1 Key Ideas 〉 How are stars formed? 〉 How can we learn about stars if they are so far away? 〉 What natural cycles do stars go through?
Stellar Lifecycles The process by which stars are formed and use up their fuel. What exactly happens to a star as it uses up its fuel is strongly dependent.
Unit 1: Space The Study of the Universe.  Mass governs a star’s temperature, luminosity, and diameter.  Mass Effects:  The more massive the star, the.
Welcome– 10/17 Collect Lab Reports Big Bang Theory and Life Cycle of the Star Notes Nuclear Chemistry Notes HW: NONE!
Study Notes for Chapter 30: Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 9 Stellar Lives and Deaths (Star Stuff)
Stellar Evolution (Star Life-Cycle). Basic Structure Mass governs a star’s temperature, luminosity, and diameter. In fact, astronomers have discovered.
Earth in Space Benchmarks
Chapter 17 Star Stuff.
Aim: How are stars different from one another?
Stars.
Act 1: Small or Medium Stars
The Big Bang The Big Bang Theory is the accepted scientific theory about the origin of the universe based upon multiple lines of evidence. The “Big Bang”
STARS.
Chapter 30 Section 2- Stellar Evolution
Stars change over their life cycles.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
Section 3: Stellar Evolution
Astronomy-Part 4 Notes: The Life Cycle of Stars
The Life Cycle of a Star.
Astronomy-Part 4 Notes: The Life Cycle of Stars
The Life Cycle of a Star.
Contents of the Universe
Chapter 28: Galaxies & Stars Review
Life Cycle of a Star Star Life Cycle: Stars are like humans. They are born, live and then die.
The Life Cycle of a Star.
Stars.
The lifecycles of stars
Composition of Stars Classify stars by their color, size, and brightness. Other properties of stars are chemical composition and mass. Color and Temperature.
The Life Cycle of a Star.
Write to Think LESSON 158 What does the term ‘classify’ mean to you?
Bell Ringer Monday, March 26th
Section 2: Stellar Evolution
Presented by Kesler Science
1. People have studied the stars for centuries
Warm-up Listen to the theme song of Big Bang Theory.
Warm-up Listen to the theme song of Big Bang Theory.
THE UNIVERSE Part 1: stars.
Stars.
The Life and Death of Stars
The Life and Death of Stars
The Life Cycle of a Star.
Life of a Star.
Atomic Structure.
Stellar Evolution Chapter 30.2.
Life Cycle of a Star.
The Life Cycle of a Star.
Stars From Nebula to Black Holes.
Stars and the Star life Cycle
How do stars differ from one another? Do stars move?
Before Bell Rings Chill out
Presentation transcript:

Warm-Up  Have you ever heard the statement, “We are all stardust”? Do you believe this to be true? How could this statement be true?  Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young even wrote a song about it…. 

Learning Target: Communicate scientific ideas about the way stars, over their life cycle, produce elements. Success Criteria:  Describe the properties of stars including mass, magnitude (luminosity) and color.  Identify the relationships between the lifecycle of the stars, the production of elements, and the conservation of protons and neutrons in stars.  Identify that atoms are not conserved in nuclear fusion, but the total number of protons plus neutrons is conserved.  Describe that helium and other light nuclei (up to lithium) were formed from high- energy collision starting from protons and neutrons in the early universe before any stars existed.  Describe that more massive elements (up to iron) are produced in the cores of stars by a chain of processes of nuclear fusion, which also releases energy.  Describe how supernova explosions of massive stars are the mechanism by which elements more massive than iron are produced.  Describe that there is a correlation between a star’s mass and stage of development and the types of elements it can create during its lifetime.  Describe how electromagnetic emission and absorption spectra are used to determine a star’s composition, motion and distance to Earth.

Vocabulary  Supernova : an astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a massive star's life, whose dramatic and catastrophic destruction is marked by one final titanic explosion. For a short time, this causes the sudden appearance of a 'new' bright star, before slowly fading from sight over several weeks or months. massive star  Nuclear fusion : a nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enough to react and form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons and/or protons)nuclear reactionatomic nuclei  Red Giant: type of star near the end of a star’s life; temperature near the stars core rises and this causes the size of the star to expand

Properties of Stars  Describe the properties of stars including mass, magnitude (luminosity) and color.  What makes up a star’s mass?  Mostly hydrogen!!!  More hydrogen = more energy  Magnitude is the same thing as luminosity  Luminosity is the amount of energy it radiates per second  In other words, how bright or dim it is  Color tells us about the temperature of the star  Red= cooler  Blue= hotter

Determining a Star’s composition, motion and distance to Earth  Activity: Classifying Stars!!

Lifecycle of Stars  Identify the relationships between the lifecycle of the stars, the production of elements, and the conservation of protons and neutrons in stars.  Describe that there is a correlation between a star’s mass and stage of development and the types of elements it can create during its lifetime  A Star’s mass determines its life story!  High mass stars live for shorter amounts of time, they eventually make iron and end as supernovas.  Low mass stars live for longer amounts of time, they never get hot enough to make iron and thus only fuse up to carbon nuclei, and end as white dwarfs.

Life Cycles of Smaller Stars  © Sea & Sky

Life Cycles of Massive Stars  © Sea & Sky

Activity: Lifecycle of a Star

Making Elements  Identify the relationships between the lifecycle of the stars, the production of elements, and the conservation of protons and neutrons in stars.  Identify that atoms are not conserved in nuclear fusion, but the total number of protons plus neutrons is conserved.  Describe that helium and other light nuclei (up to lithium) were formed from high-energy collision starting from protons and neutrons in the early universe before any stars existed.  Describe that more massive elements (up to iron) are produced in the cores of stars by a chain of processes of nuclear fusion, which also releases energy.  Describe how supernova explosions of massive stars are the mechanism by which elements more massive than iron are produced.

How Do Stars Make Elements? Sun generates energy in its core by “cooking” hydrogen to form helium. This is called nucleosynthesis.

Nucleosynthesis Protons and Neutrons are conserved. They fuse to form new elements. Requires and releases immense heat

Nuclear Fusion The “cooking” of elements is called nuclear fusion During nuclear fusion, two or more atoms of one element combine to form one atom of a different element

Conservation of Protons and Neutrons Protons and Neutrons can not be created nor destroyed It is an addition problem!

Time to Practice!!!

Literacy  The Elements: Forged in Stars. (n.d.). Retrieved August 24, 2016, from Pre-Reading Activity: Read Background Essay and answer the following questions. 1. Create an illustration of an ordinary atom of Hydrogen as well as its isotope Deuterium. 1. What do you think the isotope of Hydrogen called Tritium looks like? 2. Create a drawing to illustrate the three steps in the nuclear fusion or nucleosynthesis process that creates the energy of the sun. 3. What is Helium capturing when it creates new elements?

Elements in the Universe Hydrogen and some helium was made at the beginning of the Universe (Big Bang). All other elements were made inside of stars, and then spewed out into space by the supernova explosions! Low mass stars up to carbon High mass stars up to iron What about elements with atoms heavier than iron? Such as Uranium, Gold, and so on?  The heavy atoms are made during the supernova explosion itself!  There is so much energy during the explosion that iron atoms can be forced together to form larger atoms.

Interior of a Massive Star Just before a supernova, the inside of the star has shells of various elements.

Supernova Remnants X-ray picture of the “Cas-A” supernova remnant. The elements in this gas will eventually be dispersed into space, maybe to form new stars, planets and people!

Describe how electromagnetic emission and absorption spectra are used to determine a star’s composition, motion and distance to Earth  Every substance gives off light when it gets hot enough.  Each element gives off its own special color.  We use spectra to determine which elements make up stars.  Motion and distance is determined by the amount of red shift.  Red shift = moving away  The farther the star the greater the red shift (Hubble’s Law)