JOSE A.S. SANTIAGO M.D.

2  Roots grouped according to body systems  Remember each root more easily by associating a mental picture of the organ to which it refers

3  Roots are a foundation for building medical terms  Roots will be expressed in their combining form

4  Anatomy  Study of the structure and parts of the body  Physiology  Study of the function of the body and how the body parts work

5  Cells  Smallest unit  Tissue  Cells combine to make tissues  Organs  Tissues combine to make organs

 The Cell  -basic unit of life

 Tissue  -groups of cells form a tissue  Muscle tissue

 Organs  Tissues combine to make organs  HEPAT/O (Liver)

 Organ systems  Related organs make a system 9

 Organism  All organ systems together form the human body 10

11  Adip/o; lip/o; steat/o fat  Axill/o armpit  Bi/olife  Cephal/ohead  Cervic/oneck

12  Cyt/ocell  Hist/o; histi/otissue  Path/odisease  Viscer/ointernal organs

 Skin and accessory organs  Hair  Nails  Sweat glands  Oil glands 13

14  Cili/o; pil/ohair  Derm/o; dermat/o; cutane/oskin  Onych/o; ungu/onail

 Bones  Cartilage  Joints 15

16  Arthr/ojoint  Chondr/ocartilage  Crani/oskull  Cost/orib  Myel/obone marrow; spinal cord

 Muscles  Tendons 17

18  My/o; muscul/omuscle  Tend/o; tendin/otendon

 Brain  Spinal cord  Nerves  Eyes  Ears 19

20  Blephar/oeyelid  Cerebr/o; encephal/obrain  Myel/ospinal cord; bone marrow

21  Neur/onerve  Ophthalm/o; ocul/oeye  Ot/oear

 Pituitary gland  Thyroid glands  Parathyroid glands  Adrenal glands  Pineal gland 22

 Thymus  Hypothalamus  Portions of it  Pancreas  Ovaries  Testes 23

24  Aden/ogland  Adren/oadrenal gland  Parathyroid/oparathyroid gland  Pituitar/opituitary gland  Thyroid/othyroid gland

 Heart  Arteries  Veins  Capillaries  Blood 25

26  Angi/o; vascul/o; vas/ovessel  Arteri/o artery  Cardi/oheart  Hem/o; hemat/oblood  Ven/o; phleb/ovein

 Thymus  Bone marrow  Spleen  Tonsils  Lymph nodes 27

28  Lymphangi/olymph vessels  Splen/ospleen  Tonsill/otonsils

29  Adenoid/oadenoids  Lymph/olymph (clear watery liquid)  Lymphaden/olymph glands; lymph nodes

 Lungs  Nasal cavity  Pharynx  Larynx  Trachea  Bronchi  Bronchioles 30

31  Alveol/oair sac; alveolus  Bronch/o; bronchi/obronchus  Bronchiol/osmall bronchial tubes

32  Laryng/ovoice box; larynx  Nas/o; rhin/onose

33  Pharyng/o throat; pharynx  Phren/odiaphragm  Pneum/o; lungs  pneumon/o  pulmon/o

34  Thorac/ochest  Trache/owindpipe; trachea

 Mouth  Pharynx  Esophagus  Stomach  Small intestine  Large intestine 35

36  Abdomin/oabdomen  Cheil/olips  Col/olarge intestine; colon

37  Enter/osmall intestine  Esophag/oesophagus  Gastr/ostomach

38  Gloss/o; lingu/otongue  Hepat/oliver  Or/o; stomat/omouth

39  Pharyng/othroat; pharynx (part of the respiratory system)  Rect/orectum

 Kidneys  Ureters  Urinary bladder  Urethra 40

41  Cyst/obladder  Ren/o; nephr/okidneys  Ureter/oureters  Urethr/ourethra

 Testes  Epididymides  Ductus deferens  Ejaculatory ducts  Penis  Seminal vesicles  Prostate gland 42

43  Epididym/o epididymis  Orchid/o; testicle; test/o; testicul/o testis

44  Phall/openis  Prostat/oprostate gland  Vas/oductus (vas) deferens

 Ovaries  Uterine tubes  Uterus  Vagina  External genitalia  Mammary glands 45

46  Colp/o; vagin/ovagina  Gynec/ofemale  Mast/o; mamm/obreast  Oophor/o; ovari/oovary

47  Salping/ofallopian tubes; uterine tubes  Uter/o; hyster/o; uterus metr/o  Vulv/ovulva; external genitalia

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