Male Reproductive Anatomy Personal Living Skills
I. Testicles/Testes Functions: Make Testosterone Make sperm Spermatogenesis takes 72 days Spermatogenesis begins at about age 12 First ejaculation of live sperm is 13 year 10 months A male is considered fertile from this point forward.
Seminiferous tubules
A man makes between 10 and 50 million sperm every day! Average ejaculation has 50 million sperm 20 million may be deformed 5 million may be dead Sperm survival time???? 5 to 7 days
The two testes are equal in size. (2 x 1 x 1 ¼ inches) The left testes hangs lower than the right.
Testes develop prenatally INSIDE the abdomen and then slide down the inguinal canal into the scrotum. (96%)
Hernia is when the intestines protrude. Males are susceptible to hernia via the inguinal canals.
Unrepaired hernia
II. Scrotum Functions: House and protect the testicles Regulate testicular temperature The cremasteric muscles contract and relax allowing the scrotum to regulate temperature. The testicles need to be cooler than body temperature to produce effective sperm
The cremasteric muscles contract and relax allowing the scrotum to regulate temperature.
Testicular Self Exam This exam is to detect testicular cancer.
TSE Guidelines In shower Monthly With soapy hands
Testicular Cancer #1 Cancer killer in men aged % cure rate IF caught in first six months After this time, TC is extremely fatal Nearly 100% of masses are cancer. TC has increased in incidence by 60% since Most masses are discovered by sex partners. 1 in 250 males will get testicular cancer 1 American man is diagnosed every hour
Testicular Cancer Warning Signs Swelling in testicles Bump on a testicle Back Pain Persistent dull ache in testicles Reduction in sex drive Breast swelling/ tenderness Fluid in scrotum Shrinkage of one testicle
Risk factors for Testicular Cancer Age Early puberty Family history of: Testicular cancer Breast cancer Race (slightly more common in Caucasian men) Undescended Testicle Personal history of Epstein Barr or Mononucleosis
III. Epididymus Coiled tube on the outside of each testicle About 20 feet long Stores sperm Sperm mature in this structure for about 14 days.
IV. Vas Deferens Carries SPERM through the male reproductive tract.
V. The Glands (Seminal Vesicles, Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Glands) All three glands add a secretion to sperm Secretions + Sperm = SEMEN Functions of Secretions: 1. Nutrition and Fuel So sperm can live 5-7 days 2. Swimming medium So sperm can swim to the egg
A. Seminal Vesicles Add first secretion to sperm Fructose (fuel)
B. Prostate Gland Adds the largest secretion and ingredient in semen Size of a walnut (size increases with age) Surrounds urethra Heart shaped
Prostate Cancer Slow growing, but can be deadly Rarely affects men under the age of 50 Detected by digital-rectal exam and/or PSA blood test Very common… #1 cancer in men African American men have highest incidence 28,000 American men die of prostate cancer every year.
Prostate Exam
C. Bulbourethral Glands Produce a pre-ejaculatory secretion Functions: Lubricate tip of penis Cleans the urethra This secretion WILL contain LIVE SPERM from previous ejaculations!
VI. Urethra Carries semen and urine out of the male body through the penis. There is a neuromuscular reflex that prevents urination with an erection.
VII. Penis The functions of this organ in sex are: transfer semen to the female reproductive sex pleasure The penis is composed of three cylinders of erectile tissue. These cylinders fill with blood and cause erection.
Erectile Dysfunction ED (Erectile Dysfunction)/ Impotence is the inability to obtain and maintain an erection. Primary causes: Smoking Obesity Diabetes (untreated) High blood pressure (untreated)
Size On average, the penis is 6 to 61/2 inches long with an erection. The penis size when flacid has minimal impact on size with an erection. A size much above average is not compatible with female anatomy and can be problematic.
Circumcision The surgical removal of the foreskin. The United States is the only industrialized country in the world that regularly practices circumcision. Approximately 60% of American males born in 2011 were circumcised.
AAP Position Circumcision has no medical benefits, but is a decision that is best left to parents. Circumcision is not to be routinely recommend by physicians. Policy statement 1999
Why Circumcise? Appearance Religion (Jewish) Look like “Dad” Reduced chance of Urinary Tract Infects Affect less than 1% of American men Hygiene is simpler
Why not circumcise? Pain Cost ($350) Decrease sexual pleasure Risks Seizure, infection, choking, death, circumcision error 100 infants die each year during circumcision (U.S.)
Image of Circumcision