Aim: Explain the advantages for each side of the American Revolution. Do Now: Write down advantages and/or disadvantages for the Americans and the British. American Revolution

Do Now: Take out Homework – Short Response on the beginning of the Revolutionary War. Prepare for Extra Credit Chance American Revolution

Aim: How did the Continental Army have problems and how did Washington try to solve them? Do Now: How was the Second Continental Congress acting as a government? American Revolution

British AdvantagesAmerican Advantages Best military/navy in world Many more soldiers Organization Raise money easily Know the geography Patriotism – fighting for a belief Didn’t have to win the war, just fight long enough until GB quit War of attrition

Americans Divided Loyalists – those loyal to GB 20% Patriots – rebels against GB 40% Neutral – not taking a side 40% Loyalists – many in cities (especially NY)

Continental Army Raising an army was difficult Continental Army made up of state militias Untrained and undisciplined Poorly funded Low on supplies Continental currency worthless

British Army Greater amount of soldiers Mercenary – a professional soldier hired to fight for a foreign country Hessian/German Control of cities important

Battle of Trenton Christmas night (1776) surprise attack on British Washington crosses Delaware River American success – use supplies Win Battle of Princeton 8 days later American pride and soldiers increase

Aim: How did GB plan to win the war and how did the U.S. stop the plan? Do Now: Extra Credit Due Today Why was the Battle of Trenton significant? American Revolution

New York After GB retreat from Boston, aim at NY July 1776 – Gen. Howe to NY 9,000 Hessian mercenaries Several months battle Americans retreat to NJ

Homework Short Response on the beginning of the American Revolution. Include Lexington and Concord Second Continental Congress Fort Ticonderoga Bunker Hill Boston Declaration of Independence New York Battle of Trenton

British Strategy Seize the Hudson River Valley Cut off New England from rest of colonies Burgoyne – North to South St. Leger – West to East Howe - Philadelphia Colonists must stop this strategy from being successful

Battle of Saratoga (1777) Gen. Horatio Gates of northern Continental Army Gen. Burgoyne of GB March from Canada to Saratoga Redcoats wet and tired after retreat and weather Surrender Colonists stop GB strategy to divide colonies

Effects of Saratoga TURNING POINT OF THE REVOLUTION France now confident to publicly aid colonies Funds Supplies Troops Spain sends aid as well

Valley Forge American losses at Germantown and Brandywine Army led by Washington retreats to Valley Forge Spend the winter of Starvation, disease, death, lack of clothes, cold,

Aim: How was the war fought throughout the colonies? Do Now: What was the British strategy ? Take out DBQ American Revolution

DBQ Assignment DBQ – Document Based Questions. There will be a number of documents in each assignment In each DBQ Assignment there are CRQ – Constructed Response Questions Each document will have CRQ’s where you will have to answer questions on the document Essay Question – You will have to write an essay (Introduction, Body, Conclusion paragraphs) using the Documents and any knowledge you know about the topic. Open up DBQ Guide and Causes of WWI DBQ

Thesis Statement Although the Continental Army experienced many difficulties at Valley Forge such as disease, starvation, and death, the army portrayed extreme loyalty and patriotism.

War in the West Joseph Brant – Mohawk chief Ally with GB Attack colonial settlements George Rogers Clark – US colonel Leads surprise attack at Battle of Vincennes Strengthens US control of West

War at Sea GB blockades American harbors Blockade – prevent supplies from entering a port US Navy – 13 warships Privateers – privately owned ship that US government gives permission to attack GB ships Legal pirates Successful

War at Sea John Paul Jones – US naval officer Bonhomme Richard (Am.) vs. Serapis (GB) Off coast of GB – 1779 US victory “I have not yet begun to fight.”

Benedict Arnold General of Continental Army Brave and determined Success in upstate NY against GB Traitor who went to side of GB Married a Loyalist Felt under-appreciated

Aim: How did the war in the South turn in favor of America? Do Now: Who were Lafayette and von Steuben and why were they important for the Cont. Army? American Revolution

European Help Military officer sent to give colonies experience Marquis de Lafayette – French Command of army division Baron von Steuben – German Command of training army Army adopts his methods Bayonets – long steel knives attached to end of rifle

War in the South GB captures Savannah, Georgia – – GB captures Charleston, South Carolina Lord Cornwallis in control of GB south Defeats Gen. Gates in S.C.

Guerrilla Warfare Difficult to defeat GB in formal battle Surprise, hit-and-run attacks Led by Francis Marion in S.C. A.K.A. – “Swamp Fox” Caused chaos in south for GB

General Greene Gen. Nathanael Greene replaces Gates as commander in South Split army in two Half attack and defeat GB at Cowpens, S.C. Half join Marion in guerrilla tactics Control Carolinas Cornwallis retreats to Yorktown in Chesapeake Bay, VA

Aim: How did the war come to an end? Do Now: Paragraph – Explain the war in the South - Gen. Gates loss in S.C. - French aid? - Guerrilla warfare - Battle of Cowpens American Revolution

Aim: How did the war come to an end? Do Now: Open up Battle of Yorktown worksheet. Finish now if now complete. Explain the Battle of Yorktown. American Revolution

French Aid? 1780 – Washington planning to attack NY Wait for French navy Hears French navy traveling to Virginia not NY Secret plan to attack at Yorktown and not NY

Yorktown Rochambeau – commander of French soldiers in US Lafayette – commanding French-Continental Army in VA Washington – leading troops Francois de Grasse – French naval commander heading for Chesapeake Bay Trap redcoats by land and sea

Battle of Yorktown 1781 Washington’s plan works to perfection Bombardment of Yorktown Cornwallis surrenders Last important battle of the war

Treaty of Paris 1783 America was independent Boundaries – Canada in North, Mississippi in West, Florida in South Repayment of debts Property returned to Loyalists that were taken away

Why the Americans Won Knew the geography Guerrilla warfare Washington’s leadership PATRIOTISM War of attrition – just fight long enough until British quit French aid

Concerns After War Equality for all?? Women and slaves Can a republic survive? Uniting the states?

Effects of War 25,000 Americans dead More dead from camp and prisons than battle States in massive debt Influences the French Revolution

REVIEW Do Now: TAKE OUT REVIEW SHEET! Write down possible short response questions for the TEST American Revolution

DO NOW TAKE OUT WHY THE AMERICANS WON WORKSHEET