Bidet toilet seats with warm-water tanks: residual chlorine, microbial community, and structural analyses by Toru Iyo, Keiko Asakura, Makiko Nakano, Mutsuko.

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Presentation transcript:

Bidet toilet seats with warm-water tanks: residual chlorine, microbial community, and structural analyses by Toru Iyo, Keiko Asakura, Makiko Nakano, Mutsuko Yamada, and Kazuyuki Omae J Water Health Volume 14(1):68-80 February 4, 2016 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Difference in residual chlorine levels between buildings. Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Differences in heterotrophic plate count (HPC) by gender. Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Differences in heterotrophic plate count (HPC) by building (male restrooms only). Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Relationship between residual chlorine and total viable count (TVC). Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Relationship between residual chlorine and heterotrophic plate count (HPC). Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Differences in total viable count (TVC) (Chi-square value: , Total number: 254) and heterotrophic plate count (HPC) (Chi-square value: , Total number: 254) between the first and second surveys. Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) products of the analysis of the spray water from bidet toilet seats with warm-water tanks. Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

Phylogenetic tree of microorganisms obtained from spray water. Toru Iyo et al. J Water Health 2016;14:68-80 ©2016 by IWA Publishing

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