SIGNIFICANCE OF TELECOMMAND & TIMER IN SCIENTIFIC BALLOONING AND THEIR DEVELOPMENTS V. Anmi Reddy Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Balloon Facility, Hyderabad
BALLOON LAUNCH
Control room TC (UP LINK ) Remote Balloon Train NEED OF COMMAND SYSTEM 375 MHz Tx Top end fitting DD rope Balloon Command Radar Target Release loop Parachute Fail Safe Timer Blinker Bottom fitting Payload
LB 1 COMD LB 2 COMD COMD OPERATIONS
BALLAST COMD
BALLOON FLOAT
APEX VALVE OPEN COMD
BALLOON DESCENT
APEX VALVE CLOSE COMD
BALLOON FLOAT
SQUIB FIRED D D CUT BALLOON TERMINATION
TOUCH DOWN
GROUND COMMAND SYSTEMONBOARD COMMAND SYSTEM TELECOMMAND SYSTEM
FSK Signal Generator 148 MHz Oscillator AM ModulatorAmplifier PCM/FSK/AM VHF GROUND TELECOMMAND SYSTEM PC YAGI ANTENNA
Tele-command Receiver Command Decoder Command Control Unit CCU O/Ps Rx Antenna Data command O/Ps 64 VHF ONBOARD TELECOMMAND SYSTEM 1 1
TELECOMMAND PACKAGE
PROGRAMMABLE TIMER CLOCK GENERATOR COUNTER MINUTES COUNTER HOURS COUNTER COMPERATOR MINUTES MEMORY HOURS MEMORY RELAY DRIVER AND 1.No monitoring 2.Power fluctuations causes disturbance in timer 3.Only one time extension possible 4.Possibility of occurring human error was more
TIMER PACKAGE
375 MHZ TRANSMITTER PACKAGE
Dish Antenna & Feed LNA BoxDown converter Tracking Receiver Servo Controller Servo Drive Receiver Decom. Bit Synch. FM Modulator Command Encoder & FSK Modulator SSPA Display PCs Plasma Screen Storage PCs Ground TC system S-BAND TELEMETRY, TELECOMMAND & TRACKING SYSTEM - GROUND SEGMENT 1.No interference 2.On board antenna sizes decreased 3.Data rate can be increased 4.No Interference between TC & TM 5.Range increased by high gain antenna
FSK Signal Generator MHz Signal FM modulatorSSPA PCM/FSK/FM S-BAND GROUND TELECOMMAND SYSTEM PC
Tele-command Receiver Command Decoder Command Control Unit CCU O/Ps Rx Antenna Data command O/Ps 1 64 S-BAND ONBOARD TELECOMMAND SYSTEM
Monitor Timer O/P MICRO CONTROLLER PC/COMD RTC SQUIBS MONITOR LCD RELAY DRIVERS DD O/P T/M MICROCONTROLLER BASED TIMER
CONTENTS Command System Microcontroller Based Timer Local Telemetry Power Supply for Above Units INTEGRATED PACKAGE
WEIGHT REDUCED TEMPERATURE REMAINS POSITIVE FIELD COUNTDOWN TIME REDUCED RECOVERY SITE OPERATIONS MINIMIZED REDUCED LOAD LINE LENGTH, REDUCED NUMBER OF PACKAGES UNITS HEALTH CAN BE MONITORED THROUGH LOCAL TELEMETRY / MAIN TELEMETRY ADVANTAGES OF USING INTEGRATED PACKAGE
PHOTOGRAPH OF IP L TM Antenna Command Antenna Command Antenna IP
OLD NEW 88m 20m 3m 9m 3m 12m 149m 20m 6m 12m TIMER 375 MHZ Tx COMMAND GPS SONDE IP BALLOON BORNE INSTRUMENT SCHEMATIC Payload
MODULAR INTEGRATED COMMAND & TIMER (MICT) MODULAR INTEGRATED COMMAND & TIMER (MICT) Receiver Timer CCU Decoder Cards Decoder Cards
MICT PACKAGE
1.It has all balloon control commands and add on cards facility for experimenter commands. 2.Independent power for both command and timer. 3.Command and timer status can be transmitted through TM or on a separate carrier. 4.Power is being utilized in an efficient manner. (IP:21V,280mA,74% & MICT:12V,350mA,93%) 5. Weight and volume of MICT package reduced to 1/3 rd that of the IP. FEATURES OF MICT
SINGLE CARD COMMAND & TIMER
PACKAGE
TYPICAL DATA RECEIVED FROM ONBOARD 03A1,0067,00D1,000000,02,121112,084200,06,061000, 03A8,0062,00CB,000000,02,121112,084200,06,061000, 03A4,0065,00CF,000000,02,121112,084200,06,061000, ,00, TYPICAL DATA RECEIVED FROM ONBOARD MICT or SINGLE CARD COMMAND & TIMER
LATEST ADDITIONS & FUTURE PLANS Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries Video Camera in Balloon Flights Improvements in ground command Implementing Mobile TM/TC system Improvements in onboard command.
13.5 Ah,15V, 1.7 Kg 5.5 Ah,12V, 0.55 Kg FOR MICT COMD for 20 hours flight duration requires 7.0 Ah. To get this voltage, and charge we should use 4 cells of 3 V, 7.5 Ah, Costing 4x900=Rs. 3600/- Lithium ion battery 13.5 Ah,15 V costing Rs /- ie., 8.5 times Cost of Lithium SO2 battery cost For MICT. One can use it 500 times. Therefore saving 491 times MICT battery Cost 491x3600=Rs.17,67,600. RECHARGEBLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
VIDEO CAMERA
RECENT BALLOON FLIGHT VIDEOS
Need of command system VHF command system Old timer 375 MHz transmitter S-band command system Microcontroller based Timer IP and its advantages MICT Single card command & timer system Additions SUMMARY
Thank You
SHORT RANGE COMMAND
BALLOON LAUNCH