The Beginning of English America By: me

England gets Involved Protestant Reformation ◦ Queen Elizabeth I (1558) Spain vs. England ◦ Ireland Sir Francis Drake Newfoundland and Roanoke The Spanish Armada (1588) ◦ England now had strong, unified state under a powerful monarch

Why Colonize? Growing population Sheep and economic depression Primogeniture ◦ Gilbert, Raleigh, and Drake Joint-Stock Companies ◦ Investors Unemployment, adventure, market and religious freedom

Jamestown 1607 Virginia Company ◦ Gold and passage to indies ◦ Charter- guaranteed English rights Captain John Smith ◦ No more gold, food only ◦ Pocahontas “starving time”- winter of ◦ 400 settlers to only 60

Historic portrait of the real Pocahontas in London, age 21, dressed as the Christian lady she had become. She died within months. This portrait hangs in the National Portrait Gallery of the Smithsonian, in Washington, D.C.. This painting is a later copy of an engraving made during her London visit of It flatters and Europeanizes her more than does the original engraving, which failed to capture her celebrated allure.

Jamestown survive from the 8000 who had come Powhatans ◦ Lord De la Warr ◦ Three D’s: Disease, Disorganization, and Disposability

Indian’s “New World” Horses Disease Indian Bands uniting from lost culture ◦ Catwaba Firearms Natives farther inland had time and space ◦ Algonquin

Virginia John Rolfe and Tobacco first Africans sold House of Burgesses charter revoked, became royal colony

Maryland Lord Baltimore Catholic Haven Tobacco Act of Toleration (1649)

West Indies Spain getting lax Jamaica (1655) Sugarcane- rich man’s crop 1700 Slaves outnumbered English 4:1 Barbados Slave Code (1661) ◦ Carolinas

Carolinas English Civil War ( ) ◦ Charles II (1660) ◦ “Restoration” Colonies Food for West Indies Indian Slaves- Savannah Tribe (1707) Rice!!! North Carolina (1712) ◦ Repelled by Virginia Tuscarora War (1711) Yamasee Indians (1715)

Georgia last of the colonies Buffer colony James Oglethorpe ◦ At first- no slaves ◦ Debtors colony Least populous