Embedded Software Design Week III Processor Basics Raspberry Pi -> Blinking LEDs & pushing buttons

Stand-Alone Processors Dedicated exclusively to the processing functions Require additional support circuitry for their basic operations DRAM controller System bus addressing configuration external peripheral devices such as keyboard controllers and serial ports

IBM 970FX A 64-bit implementation of the popular Power Architecture Deeply pipelined design, for very-high-performance computing applications Static and dynamic power-management features Multiple sleep modes, to minimize power requirements and maximize battery life Dynamically adjustable clock rates, supporting lower-power modes Optimized for high-performance, low-latency storage management

Intel Core M Based on the popular x86 architecture & widely supported by a large ecosystem of hardware and software vendors. It consumes less power than most other x86 processors. Advanced power-management features enable low-power operating modes and multiple sleep modes. Dynamic clock speed capability enhances battery-powered operations such as standby. On-chip thermal monitoring enables automatic transition to lower power modes to reduce power consumption in over temperature conditions. Multiple frequency and voltage operating points (dynamically selectable) are designed to maximize battery life in portable equipment. Vs Atom?

Freescale MPC7448 Used in networking and telecommunications applications FFT, Filtering, MPEG encoding, DES, MD5, SHA Operating clock rates in excess of 1.5GHz 1MB onboard L2 cache Advanced power-management capabilities, including multiple sleep modes Advanced AltiVec vector-execution unit Register file containing 32 very wide (128-bit) registers Set of instructions to manipulate this vector register file Voltage scaling for reduced-power configurations

Processor / Chipset relationship

Integrated Processors: Systems on Chip SoC? Power Architecture - PS3 Freescale Power (68K) PowerQUICC (v I, II, III) MIPS – used in variety of electronics – PS1 & PS2 RISC 32 & 64 bit

Integrated Processors: Systems on Chip ARM – used in smart phones (iPhone), RaspberryPi BeagleBoard & BeagleBone OMAP Freescale ARM

Summary SoC dominates embedded market Linux supports many stand-alone and SoC platforms Trend is moving towards commercial off-the-shelf products (COTS)

Get your hands dirty Lets blink some LEDs and click some buttons

Raspberry Pi rev. I Model B Pin Layout

Raspberry Pi rev. 2 Pin Layout

Wiring LED with a breadboard

LED ON/OFF Example (Python) #!/usr/bin/python import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM) GPIO.cleanup() GPIO.setwarnings(False) GPIO.setup(17,GPIO.OUT) print ("Lights on") GPIO.output(17,GPIO.HIGH) #!/usr/bin/python import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM) GPIO.cleanup() GPIO.setwarnings(False) GPIO.setup(17,GPIO.OUT) print ("Lights off") GPIO.output(17,GPIO.LOW)

Keyes Momentary Button Module

Wiring Button module with a breadboard

Button module example (Python) #!/usr/bin/python import os import time import RPi.GPIO as GPIO GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM) GPIO.setwarnings(False) GPIO.setup(10, GPIO.IN) print(" ") print(" Button + GPIO ") print(" ") print GPIO.input(10) while True: if ( GPIO.input(10) == False ): print("Button Pressed") os.system('date') print GPIO.input(10) time.sleep(5) else: os.system('clear') print ("Waiting for you to press a button") time.sleep(1)