Insert the title of your presentation here Presented by Name Here Job Title - Date Platooning Challenge 6 th June 2016

Transport Research Laboratory  Est (RRL Harmondsworth)  Independent Privatised company since 1996  320+ staff including many world recognised experts  Head office in Crowthorne, UK -Offices in Manchester, Scotland, Wales and the Middle East, Nigeria  TRL is an internationally recognised centre of excellence providing world-class research, consultancy, testing and certification for all aspects of transport.  TRF, which owns TRL, is a non-profit-distributing foundation with >80 sector members and no shareholders.

The DRAGON Project – Driving Automated- vehicle Growth on National roads Page  3 A CEDR project investigating the implications of vehicle automation for national Road Authorities Partners  TRL (UK)  TNO (Netherlands)  IKA – RWTH Aachen (Germany) Subcontractors  Steve Shladover (Berkeley, US)  TU Delft (Netherlands)

DRAGON: Project objectives Page  4  Set out how vehicle automation will change road transport over the next 20 years  Identify what cross-border issues will be raised, with a focus on the impacts on NRAs and how these vehicles will affect NRA operations  Facilitate NRAs in taking decisions on when and how to provide support for automated vehicles

Project objectives: Research questions Page  5 Research questions on the impact of automation for NRAs, inc: -Likely timescales for deployment -Impact on traffic flows and safety -Physical infrastructure requirements -Impact on traffic and incident management strategies -Enablers to accelerate deployment -Necessary changes in legislation -Expected changes to traffic demand -Data requirements -Contribution of connectivity / cooperation

Work package structure Page  6

Setting the context Page  7 All work makes use of SAE levels of automation: Platooning

Review of current situation and forecast s Page  8  Review of existing roadmaps and deployments forecasts  Identification of future scenarios  Selection of case study NRAs

Existing roadmaps Page  9  Data Sources -ERTRAC -iMobility Forum -EPoSS -Industry (OEMs and Suppliers) -Consulting Companies -SARTRE Project -White Paper: Automated Driving and Platooning Issues and Opportunities -TNO Roadmap for Truck Platooning -Department of Transport - UK -Experts -US Expert Sources

Consolidation of automated driving roadmaps Page  10

Review of roadmaps - Conclusions Page  11  Different roadmaps have been elaborated by different stakeholders in the recent past  The most consolidated roadmaps were provided by ERTRAC and serve as the basis for the research activities on European level  For the US different stakeholders provide roadmaps: Public Agencies, U.S. DOT – Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office (ITS- JPO), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Federal Transit Administration (FTA) and predictions from the industry and their developments  Currently research activities are ongoing on European and national level. All projects are summarised in the VRA-Net Wiki  The next steps are automated pilots. Projects will start in 2017 and are currently under preparation  Deployment of level 3 automation is expected around 2020  Deployment of level 4 automation is expected around 2022

Identification of future scenarios Page  12  ‘Low effort scenario’: -Support is given to the deployment of automated vehicles -No major investments -No involvement of NRAs in the technological development of vehicles or systems -Main driving force lies with the automotive industry  ‘High effort scenario’: Low effort scenario + -NRAs actively promote and encourage the development and deployment of automated vehicles -Additional investment and facilitation -Driving force lies both with the industry as supplier of vehicles and NRAs as the supplier of infrastructure

Penetration rates Page  13 Penetration rates estimated from previous analysis  Assumptions -Deployment of level 3/4 automation starts in Deployment of automated driving functions will be accelerated due to public awareness -Automated driving is present in media -Automated driving is under heavy research -Experience with ADAS; market penetration of ADAS -Available technology - It is expected that uptake rate of automated driving will be higher than penetration rates of comparable systems have been in the past  Penetration levels between 5% and 15% are possible in 2030 for the low effort scenarios (market introduction of level 3/4 systems in 2020)  Penetration levels between 15% and 35% are possible in 2030 for the high effort scenarios ( market introduction of level 3/4 systems 2020)

Penetration rates Page  14 Typical penetration rates for automotive technology

Next steps – constraints and enablers - STEEPLE Page  15  Political/Policy goals -Legislation and regulation -Promotion/facilitation of automated driving  Social -Needs of society  Infrastructure -Physical infrastructure -Digital infrastructure -Communications  Economy -Budgets available  Technology -Technological development -Interaction with OEMs and suppliers  Environment -Impacts and limitations: -Emissions and sustainability  Legal -Environment, contract, employment laws  Ethical -Corruption, business ethics

Page  16 Thank you for your attention Peter Vermaat - Principal Consultant Project website