Week 2: January 11, 2009 TECH 485 – History, Philosophy and Organization of Industrial Education

Agenda Quiz 1: Technology Education in the U.S.: A Brief Overview (pp ) Topics Language of the Field Industrial and Technology Education in California Professional Philosophy Assignment :  Identify ten professional resources (organizations, publications) Reading Assignments Technology Education: Foundations and Perspectives: Introduction ; ;

Language of the Field Industrial and Technology Education

Technology

What is Technology? Technology consists of all the modifications humans have made in the natural environment for their own purpose. Inventions, innovations, and changes intended to meet our wants and needs, to live longer, more productive lives.

“Technology comprises the entire system of people and organizations, knowledge, processes, and devices that go into creating and operating technological artifacts, as well as the artifacts themselves.” * Technically Speaking, 2001 Technology *

Technology includes a broad spectrum of artifacts, ranging from the age old flint tools, wheels, levers, etc. to the high-tech computers, multimedia, biotechnologies, manufacturing, construction, transportation, and more. Technology surrounds us. In short, if humans thought of it and made it, it is technology. * William Dugger, 2001

Science *  Knowledge of principles and causes; ascertained truth of facts.  Accumulated and established knowledge, which has been systematized and formulated with reference to the discovery of general truths or the operation of general laws; knowledge classified and made available in work, life, or the search for truth; comprehensive, profound, or philosophical knowledge.  The observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of phenomena. *

“Science (discovery and inquiry) and Technology (innovation and design) are closely related and integrally connected, but...they are different fields driven by different concepts and processes.” * Roger Bybee, 2000 Science and Technology *

* William Dugger, 2001 Science generates knowledge for its own sake, proposing and testing explanations. Science uses technology to generate knowledge and technology uses scientific knowledge to generate solutions. Technology develops human made solutions to real world problems.

Technical

Technical belonging or pertaining to an art, science, or the like: technical skill. peculiar to or characteristic of a particular art, science, profession, trade, etc.: technical details. skilled in or familiar in a practical way with a particular art, trade, etc., as a person. Source: dictionary.com

Engineering

“... application of science because engineers take abstract ideas and build tangible products from them.” Engineering * “... design under constraint because to "engineer" a product means to construct it in such a way that it will do exactly what you want it to, without any unexpected consequences.” * National Academy of Engineering, 2003

Technician Technologist Engineer

Technological Literacy

Technological Literacy encompasses three interdependent dimensions – knowledge, ways of thinking and acting, and capabilities. Like literacy in reading, mathematics, science, or history, the goal of technological literacy is to provide people with the tools to participate intelligently and thoughtfully in the world around them. *Technically Speaking, 2001

These dimensions can be placed along a continuum from low to high, poorly developed to well developed, limited to extensive. (Technically Speaking, 2001) Every individual has a unique combination of knowledge, ways of thinking and acting, and capabilities that will change over time with education and life experience.

“The kinds of things a technologically literate person must know and be able to do can vary from society to society and from era to era.” -- Technically Speaking, 2001

Characteristics of a Technologically Literate Person * A technologically literate person has knowledge of technology and is capable of using it effectively to accomplish various tasks. He or she can think critically about technological issues and acts accordingly. Specific objectives are developed for the three dimensions; knowledge, ways of thinking and acting, and capabilities. * Technically Speaking, 2001

Standards for Technological Literacy Identifies what students need to know and be able to do. Provides the content for developing curriculum in Grades K-12. Available:

“ “ More technologically literate legislators in California might have insisted that planning for additional generating capacity began before deregulation went forward.” -- William Dugger, 2001

Engineering Education Technology Education Industrial Education Industrial Arts Technical Education Tech Prep Education Vocational Education

What is Technology Education? Technology Education (TE) includes essential learning experiences for all students at all grade levels, abilities, and backgrounds, so that they may confidently use, manage, assess, and understand technology. TE provides the basic knowledge and technical skills needed to participate in society. It increases the economic capacity and allows students to understand and apply advanced technologies so they will be prepared for either post-secondary education or entering the workforce.

Technology Education Technology Education includes the Content for the Study of Technology as described by the Standards for Technological Literacy. Technological Literacy Studies involves teaching around a context rich theme. Designing, developing, and utilizing technological systems. Open-ended, problem-based design activities. Cognitive, manipulative, and affective learning strategies. -- knowing and doing Applying technological knowledge and processes to real world experiences using up-to-date resources. Working individually as well as in a team to solve problems.

Technological Core Systems Processes An Interrelation Technology Model* Systems Processes People Copyright © 2003: Joseph Scarcella, Ph.D. and Ethan B. Lipton, Ph.D. UNDER CONSTRUCTION

Technology Education TECHNOLOGICAL STUDIES Teaches about technology as a content area. Concerned with the broad spectrum of technology (How humans have designed and innovated in the natural world). Primary goal: Technological literacy for everyone. Educational Technology INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Teaches with technology (uses technology as a tool). Primarily concerned with the focused spectrum of information and communication technologies. Primary goal: To enhance the teaching and learning process. WARNING Don’t Confuse Technology Education (ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE, CONTENT) with Educational Technology (DELIVERY, TEACHING STRATEGIES)

Career & Technical Education (CTE)/ Vocational Education (VocEd) * CTE is about helping students, workers and lifelong learners of all ages fulfill their working potential. Primarily it is about high school and college education that provides students with: Academic subject matter taught with relevance to the real world, often called contextual learning. Employability skills, from job-related skills to workplace ethics. Education pathways that help students explore interests and careers in the process of progressing through school. Association for Career and Technical Education

Career & Technical Education (CTE) Workplace Readiness Skills, SCANS Technology Education Technological Literacy Academic (Core) Education Critical Relationships Technology Education links the Academic Core, Career and Technical (Vocational), and Technological Literacy. Technology Education provides prerequisite knowledge essential for student success in Career and Technical Education.

Industrial and Technology Education in California

An Industrial and Technology Education Learning Continuum Model Copyright © 2002, Ethan B. Lipton and Michael A. DeMiranda

For More Information Visit: CITEA

International Technology Education Association. (2002). Advancing Excellence in Technological Literacy: Student Assessment, Professional Development, and Program Standards. Reston, VA: International Technology Education Association. International Technology Education Association. (2000). Standards for Technological Literacy: Content for the Study of Technology. Reston, VA: International Technology Education Association. National Academy of Engineering. (2003). Frequently Asked Questions. New York: National Academy of Engineering. NAEW-4NHME3?OpenDocument Pearson, G. & Young, T. (Eds.). (2002). Technically Speaking: Why All Americans Need to Know More About Technology. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. NAEW-4NHME3?OpenDocument References

Philosophy can be defined as “most general beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group.” A philosophy is a reflection of a person’s personality, beliefs, attitudes, and values. Your philosophy effects the decisions you make and the actions you take.

Developing your Professional Philosophy

Philosophy can be defined as “most general beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group.” A philosophy is a reflection of a person’s personality, beliefs, attitudes, and values. Your philosophy effects the decisions you make and the actions you take.

A professional philosophy addresses your beliefs, concepts, and attitudes regarding your profession.

1. The value of your profession 2. Your style of leadership 3. The application of recognized professional practices 4. The role of education/training (both formal and informal) 5. Ethical behavior 6. Relationship to people, e.g. respect for ethnic and cultural diversity 7. Serving as a role model 8. and other areas that are important to YOU One should be able to answer the questions of “what do I think concerning:”

Developing your Professional Philosophy

Professional Resources

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