Mood Disorders Major Depression Dysthymic Disorder Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression)

Describe the author of the quote. “I am now the most miserable man living. If what I feel were equally distributed to the whole human family, there would not be one cheerful face on earth. Whether I shall be better I cannot tell. To remain as I am is impossible, I must die or be better” - Abraham Lincoln

“Depression is a disorder of mood, so mysteriously painful and elusive in the way it becomes known to the self…as to verge close to being beyond description. It thus remains nearly incomprehensible to others who have not experienced it in its extreme mode, although the gloom, “the blues” which people go through occasionally and associate with the general hassle of everyday existence are of such prevalence that they do give many individuals a hint of the illness in its catastrophic form.” - Styron

Major Depression Definition: – A low state where life seems bleak and overwhelming Criteria: – Recurrent episodes for at least 2 weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest and 4 other symptoms

Major Depression Symptoms – Sadness – Hopelessness – Anxiety – Misery – Inability to enjoy – Negative thoughts about self, world and future – Loss of interest – Lack of drive – Difficulty starting anything – Loss of appetite – Lack of energy – Sleep difficulties – Weight loss

Dysthymic Disorder Criteria – Longer duration than major depression – At least 2 years of more bad days than not – In addition to other symptoms Symptoms – Same as major depression but less severe

Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression) Definition: – Mania: a state of euphoria, frenzied activity and grandiosity Criteria: – Period of depression that alternate with periods of mania

Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression) Symptoms: – Mania Distracted Feels need to talk or more talkative than usual Flights of ideas Decreased need for sleep Increased goal-directed activity – Depression Symptoms of Major Depression

Statistics 9.5% of general population has some type of mood disorder (approximately 20.9 million American adults) Twice as many females as males Less prevalent in blacks

KEY: H = Asylum or psychiatric hospital S = Suicide SA = Suicide attempt Hans Christian Andersen William Faulkner (H) F. Scott Fitzgerald (H) Ernest Hemingway (H, S) Henrik Ibsen Henry James William James Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) Charles Dickens Ralph Waldo Emerson Herman Melville Eugene O'Neill (H, SA) Mary Shelley Leo Tolstoy Tennessee Williams (H) Mary Wollstonecraft (SA) Virginia Woolf (H, S) William Blake Hans Christian Andersen Ernest Hemingway William James Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) Herman Melville Tennessee Williams Virginia Woolf George Gordon, Lord Byron Emily Dickinson T.S. EliotT.S. Eliot (H) Edward FitzGerald Victor Hugo John Keats Sylvia PlathSylvia Plath (H, S) Edgar Allan PoeEdgar Allan Poe (SA) Ezra PoundEzra Pound (H) Alfred, Lord Tennyson Dylan Thomas Walt Whitman Kitty Dukakis, former First Lady of Massachusetts Patty Duke (Anna Pearce), actor, writer Connie Francis, actor, musician Peter Gabriel, musician Kristy McNichols, actor Charley Pride, musician Axl Rose, musician Ted Turner, entrepreneur, media giant (U.S.) Jonathon Winters, comedian, actor, writer, artist

Modern Figures with Depression Buzz Aldrin, astronaut Art Buchwald, writer Barbara Bush, former First Lady (U.S.) Ray Charles, musician Eric Clapton, musician Dick Clark, television personality (American Bandstand) Francis Ford Coppola, director Michael Crichton, writer Lady Diana, Princess of Wales Richard Dreyfuss, actor Kathy Kronkite, writer (daughter of Walter Kronkite) Sheryl Crow, musician Mike Douglas, media personality Carrie Fisher Stephen Hawking, physicist Anthony Hopkins, actor Sarah McLachlan, musician Bonnie Raitt, musician Joan Rivers, comedienne, talk show host Roseanne, actor, writer, comedienne William Styron, writer James Taylor, musician Mike Wallace, news anchor