Nutrition 30 second bell ringer review activity

Question 1  What is a nutrient?

Answer  Nutrients are chemical substances obtained by food that provide our body with energy and allow for growth and repair

Question 2  Contrast nutrients and essential nutrients

Answer  Nutrients are chemicals supplied by the environment that an organism requires for survival. Essential nutrients are nutrients that human cells cannot synthesize.

Question 3  Identify dietary sources of carbohydrates.

Answer  Carbohydrates can come from grains, vegetables, meats, cane sugar, beet sugar, molasses, honey, and fruits.

Question 4  Summarize the importance of cellulose in the diet.

Answer  Cellulose provides bulk (fiber or roughage) that the muscular wall of the digestive system can push against thereby facilitating the movement of the food/waste.

Question 5  Explain what happens to excess glucose in the body

Answer  Glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles. Excess glucose is also stored as adipose tissue.

Question 6  Explain how fats and protein may provide energy.

Answer  Fatty acid and protein segments are converted into acetyl coenzyme A, which can then be oxidized in the citric acid cycle. Before fats can be used as an energy source, they must be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids, and proteins into amino acids

Question 7  Identify dietary sources of protein.

Answer  Meats, fish, poultry, cheeses, nuts, milk, eggs, cereals, and legumes are sources of protein.

Question 8  Distinguish between essential and nonessential amino acids.

Answer  Essential amino acids are those that must be obtained in the diet as the body either cannot manufacture them in sufficient quantities or are unable to produce them at all. A nonessential amino acid is one that the body can produce in sufficient quantities.

Question 9  Distinguish between complete and incomplete proteins.

Answer

 Complete proteins contain all 20 of the essential amino acids to maintain human body tissues and promote normal growth and development.  Incomplete proteins are unable, by themselves, to maintain human tissues or to support normal growth and development.

Question 10  Explain why we consider lipids (Fats) to be such an important energy source used by cells. Why are they not as efficient as carbohydrates?

Answer  Fats produce more than twice the energy than carbs and proteins. They simply take much longer to break down for use

BONUS QUESTION!!!  Why are Saturated fats considered to be the BAD fats while unsaturated fats are the GOOD fats?

Answer

 SAT = high levels of LOW density lipoproteins (LDL - raise cholesterol)  UNSAT = High levels of HIGH density lipoproteins (HDL - lower cholesterol

Answer