The Al-Anfal Campaign KURDISH GENOCIDE IN NORTHERN IRAQ.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

 Ethnic population ◦ Arabs  2/3 population ◦ Kurds  1/3 population  Have own language and customs  Want own state  Suppressed in Iraq.

Advertisements

Iraq Genocide Austin, Cindy, Damani. Around the World ● was the Iran-Iraq War, this genocide occurred at the end of the war from ○Known.

Systems of Governments

The Gulf War ( ): Iraq invaded Kuwait A destroyed Iraqi tank.

Saddam Hussein and Iraq. Early Life and Career Saddam Hussein was born in a small village 100 miles from Baghdad He lived in poor conditions and was abandoned.

Overview Understand the causes, outcome and impact of Operation Desert Storm Understand how military aviation and national defense strategy fundamental.

SADDAM HUSSEIN. General Information Youth Rise in Ba’ath Part Consolidation of Power Foreign Affairs Invasion of Iraq Pursuit and Capture.

The Anfal Campaigns and the Geopolitics in the Middle East Dr. Osman Ahmed.

SS7H2 The student will analyze continuity and change in Southwest Asia (Middle East) leading to the 21st century. d. Explain U.S. presence and interest.

Today’s World Section 3 Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus The Threat of Terrorism Map: World Terrorism Incidents Other Threats to Security Threats to World.

Persian Gulf War/ War in Iraq. Who is Saddam Hussein? Name means “one who confronts” 5 th President of Iraq Hated Kuwait for their wealth and oil rights.

Do Now: Grab the Country that Isn't worksheet in the basket- read and complete questions You may need a calculator.

By Erin Burke. United State During The War Started March th George W. Bush was the president at the time, and Dick Cheney was the Vice President.

Middle East Wars SS7H2 The student will analyze continuity and change in Southwest Asia (Middle East) leading to the 21st century.. c. Describe how land.

1988 Al-Anfal Campaign War Crimes Against the Kurdish People of Iraq Peter Elsesser David Dinh My Hunynh Isaac Roldan.

Continuing Problems in the Middle East and Asia. Iran Iraq War Cause: Border dispute (disagreement) Iraqi Dictator, Saddam Hussein took advantage.

History of the Middle East “The Extras”. The Arab League Definition: an organization of 22 Middle Eastern and African nations where Arabic is the spoken.

Case Study: Conflict in Iraq n.

1. Objective (READ) SWBAT describe a strategic commodity. 2. Question of the Day. (TURN OBJECTIVE INTO A QUESTION) 3. Warm-up (ANSWER) 1. How many times.

Iraq A History. Background Created at the end of WWI –Treaty of Versailles –Combined 3 ethic groups Kurds (North) Sunni’s (Central) Shia (South)

and the people who live there

A Virtual Field Trip Created by Sean Junkins. Your Itinerary You are about to visit six nations that have experienced genocide. As you arrive in each.

War in Iraq Began in 2003; Saddam Hussein was the president of Iraq.

Iraq. Fast Facts about Iraq  75% Arabs-15% Kurds and 10% other  97% Muslim  Literacy Rate 78.5%  Infant Mortality Rate per 1,000  9% arable.

Iraq A timely country study. Certain materials are included under the fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and have been prepared according to.

Iraq A MODERN HISTORY. Background  The land known as Iraq has seen violence throughout history  Fertile soil between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

U.S. Involvement in Iraq. Operation Desert Storm August 1990 Iraq invades Kuwait August 1990 Iraq invades Kuwait Gave Jan. 15, 1991 deadline to withdrew.

Iraq Quiz Review Which group in Iraq can be described as living in the North, has some oil & water, and makes up 20% of the population of Iraq? The Kurds.

Saddam Hussein and Iraq

Middle East Wars. Who consumes the most oil? 1991-Persian Gulf War Iraq led by Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait in 1990 in an effort to control Kuwait’s.

9/11 September 11, 2001 Cypress Woods High School.

Iraq: A Brief History.

Choman Hardi (1974-present) is a contemporary Kurdish poet and painter who was born and raised in Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan. She lived in Iran and Turkey.

Iraq and Al-Qaeda. The Ba’ath Party The Ba’ath party was an Arab secular socialist political party that sought to unite Arab countries as one large socialist.

Politics of the Middle East Iraq. People 30 Million people 80% Arab, 15% Kurd, 5% Other Shite 65%, Sunni 35% Adult literacy 84%

■Essential Question ■Essential Question: –What were the causes & effects of the Persian Gulf War? ■Warm-Up Question: –What are some of the reasons why.

BY Alexsys T, Alicia R, & Tyrell R

Barb Iman Update 11/16/2016.

Ronald Reagan’s Presidency,

Kurds and Kurdistan.

Why are we so involved in the Middle East?

Saddam Hussein and Iraq

Iraq’s Long History of Conflict

AFGHANISTAN The Facts…

Why did 9/11 happen?.

Occupation and Aftermath

America, terrorism, & oil

Focus 5/1 Throughout history political revolutions have created change and influenced history. Some examples took place in France, Russia, Cuba, and Iran.

Middle East History Review

Politics of the Middle East

Issues in Modern Iraq.

The Kurds Celeste, Miranda, Natty.

Why has the United States become involved in Middle Eastern conflicts?

Recent Conflicts in Southwest Asia

George W. Bush – State of the Union 2002

Began in 2003; Saddam Hussein was the president of Iraq

George H. W. Bush & The 1990s U.S. History Mr. Mize.

Stateless Nation: The Kurds

The Middle East Do Now: complete the reading “The Middle East and Oil”

US Presence in Southwest Asia

Government in the Middle East

Southwest Asia Wars 1st Period.

Ronald Reagan’s Presidency,

Saddam Hussein and Iraq

Saddam Hussein President of Iraq from Sunni Muslim

Presentation transcript:

The Al-Anfal Campaign KURDISH GENOCIDE IN NORTHERN IRAQ

Al-Anfal Campaign  Al-Anfal, Arabic for "spoils of war"  "...Anfal was a mammoth campaign of civic annihilation, displacement, and mass killing."  Ba'athist Iraq Government vs. Kurdish People  February through September 1988

Kurds  Ethnic Group  Scattered across the Middle East  South Eastern Turkey, Northern Iraq, Western Iran, Northern Syria  Various Religions

Ba'athist Iraq  Ba'ath was a Political Party  Socialist  Took power in 1963  Leader seen weak by Iraq military  July 17, 1968  Bloodless Revolution  Saddam Hussein played a key role

Saddam Hussein and Ali Hassan al- Majid  Effective Politician  Focused on unifying the Ba'ath Party, Iraq, and worked on Iraq's domestic problems  Al-Bakr's right hand man  1979 Saddam Hussein Elected President  Iran-Iraq War 1980  Al-Majid put in charge of internal problems  Known for ruthlessness  "Chemical Ali"

Al Anfal Campaign  Begins in February 1988  Final Phase of Iran-Iraq war  Official Military operation  Designed to exterminate the Kurdish people in Northern Iraq  Bomb rural areas "In order to kill the largest number of persons present."  “[a]ll persons captured in those villages shall be detained and interrogated by the security services, and those between the ages of 15 and 70 shall be executed after any useful information has been obtained from them.”

Halabja  March 16, 1988  Deadliest attack in the Al-Anfal Campaign  Inhabited by 45,000 Kurds  Iraqi Planes dropped chemical bombs on the city  Mustard gas and a number of nerve agents  "Smell of sweet apples"  Victims died in horrendous ways

Aftermath of Halabja  3,200-5,000 Kurds killed  10,000 injured  Lasting effects from chemicals  Birth defects, blindness, respiratory issues, heart issues  Many survivors wish that they would have died in the attack that day

Aftermath of Al-Anfal  September, 1988  90% of Kurdish villages in Northern Iraq destroyed  Saddam's Regime announced "amnesty" for all Kurds  Not allowed to go into "Prohibited Zones"  Hardly any world response  United States and others had previously supported Saddam

Works Cited  "25 Years After Worst Chemical Attack." International Business Times. N.p., 15 Mar Web. 12 Apr  "Case Study: Al-Anfal." The 1988 Anfal Campaign in Iraqi Kurdistan. N.p., 3 Mar Web. 20 May  "Center for the Study of Genocide and Human Rights." Al-Anfal and the Genocide of Iraqi Kurds. N.p., 2 Aug Web. 12 Apr  "GRAPHIC: The Halabja Massacre " Military.com. N.p., 20 Mar Web. 4 May  "Halabja Chemical Weapons." BBC News. BBC, 21 Feb Web. 3 May  "The Crimes of Saddam Hussein." PBS. PBS, 15 Sept Web. 1 May 2015.