HAPPY MONDAY BELLWORK: Draw a picture to describe how enzymes fit in a “lock and key” or “puzzle piece”.

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Presentation transcript:

HAPPY MONDAY BELLWORK: Draw a picture to describe how enzymes fit in a “lock and key” or “puzzle piece”.

DNA & E NZYME N OTECARDS P ERIOD 4 & 5 D UE T UESDAY (10/14/14) Protein DNA Nucleotide Nucleic Acid Deoxyribose Nitrogenous Base Hydrogen Bond Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine Double Helix Antiparallel Catalyst Substrate Enzyme (“-ase” must be in your definition) Active Site Enzyme-Substrate Complex

E SSENTIAL Q UESTION : H OW DOES A BIOLOGICAL CATALYST WORK ?

W HAT COULD HAVE AFFECTED THE DISSOLVING TIME OF YOUR LIFE SAVER ?

D ESIGN A N E XPERIMENT : H OW CAN YOU DECREASE THE DISSOLVING RATE OF A LIFE SAVER ? Lab Report including… Name Question: How can I decrease the dissolving rate of a lifesaver? Hypothesis: “If we _________, then the dissolving rate of the lifesaver will decrease.” Procedure: (must include at least 5 steps) Data: (table, graph, etc) Ziploc bags Hammer Water Soda Oil Hot plate (warm up liquids) Cups Stirrers Ice Due at the end of class:Available Materials: NOTE! Your experiment tomorrow cannot take longer than 15 minutes total.

E NZYMES … Enzymes are special proteins that work in the body to help speed up reactions Enzymes are biological catalysts. Catalyst: a substance that helps to speed up a chemical reaction but is not used up in the reaction Enzymes can be used over and over again. amylase - in saliva pepsin - in stomach Lactase - breaks down lactose DNA Polymerase I (DNA replication) DNA Polymerase III (DNA replication) RNA Polymerase (mRNA synthesis) Helicase (DNA replication) Ligase (DNA replication)

E NZYME FUNCTION Enzymes work best under certain internal conditions. Enzymes help maintain homeostasis in living organisms. Enzymes reduce the activation energy needed in a reaction and speed up the rate at which the reaction is completed.

Enzymes are VERY specific and perform very specialized tasks Substrates are chemicals that bind to the enzyme and become altered (bonds formed and/or broken), producing a product Enzymes have specific shapes that match or react with specific substrates (like a lock and key) Draw this in your notes complex