Citations Provide PROOF Convince readers that your claims are valid Both the amount and the quality of your evidence count. And the quality of your evidence will depend on where you got it, how you prepare it, and how you present it. Citations Provide PROOF Convince readers that your claims are valid Both the amount and the quality of your evidence count. And the quality of your evidence will depend on where you got it, how you prepare it, and how you present it.

Obvious Plagiarism buying, stealing, or borrowing a paper (including, of course, copying an entire paper or article from the Web) hiring someone to write your paper for you copying large sections of text from a source without quotation marks or proper citation.

Cite It Words or ideas presented in a magazine, book, newspaper, song, TV program, movie, Web page, computer program, letter, advertisement, or any other medium Information you gain through interviewing or conversing with another person, face to face, over the phone, or in writing When you copy the exact words or a unique phrase When you reprint any diagrams, illustrations, charts, pictures, or other visual materials When you reuse or repost any electronically-available media, including images, audio, video, or other media

DON’T Cite It Writing your own lived experiences, your own observations and insights, your own thoughts, and your own conclusions about a subject When you are writing up your own results obtained through lab or field experiments When you use your own artwork, digital photographs, video, audio, etc. When you are using "common knowledge," things like folklore, common sense observations, myths, urban legends, and historical events (but not historical documents) When you are using generally-accepted facts – Example: pollution is bad for the environment

Must Cite in 2 places: 1) In-text 2) Works Cited Page In the body of the paper, it looks like this: When Mercutio is wounded, he screams “A plague on both your houses!” referring to both the Capulets and the Montagues (Shakespeare 70). In the body of the paper, it looks like this: When Mercutio is wounded, he screams “A plague on both your houses!” referring to both the Capulets and the Montagues (Shakespeare 70). Works Cited Shakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. New York: Scholastic, Inc., Print.

Quotation Punctuation Period goes AFTER the quote Citation: use 1 st thing in the Works Cited page (usually author’s last name or article title). Your Works Cited goes on its OWN PAGE at the END of your document.

Works Cited Halio, Jay L., "Elizabethan Age." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Scholastic Library Publishing, HF-L High School. 1 Apr Web.. “Home Life” Life in Elizabethan England. Summer Mar Web.. Pressley, J. M. "An Encapsulated Biography." Shakespeare Resource Center, February 10, Mar Shakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. New York: Scholastic, Inc., Print. Thomas, Heather. The Life in Times of Queen Elizabeth I. 23 Mar Apr Web.. When in-text citing this source, put (Halio) When in-text citing this source, put (“Home Life”) When in-text citing this source, put (Pressley) When in-text citing this source, put (Shakespeare) When in-text citing this source, put (Thomas)

A.On September 11, 2001, the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were attacked by hijacked airplanes. B.Atta, Binalshibh, al Shehhi, and Jarrah had lived in Germany and were chosen over more established Al Qaeda members due to their exposure to the West and ability to speak English. A.On September 11, 2001, the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were attacked by hijacked airplanes. B.Atta, Binalshibh, al Shehhi, and Jarrah had lived in Germany and were chosen over more established Al Qaeda members due to their exposure to the West and ability to speak English.

Summarizing Summaries are significantly shorter than the original Put the main idea(s) of a larger work into your own words Include only the main point(s). Take a broad overview of the source material. Realizing the stakes are no longer just for survival, Katniss Everdeen teams up with her closest friends, including Peeta, Gale and Finnick for the ultimate mission. Together, they leave District 13 to liberate the citizens of war-torn Panem and assassinate President Snow, who's obsessed with destroying Katniss. What lies ahead are mortal traps, dangerous enemies and moral choices that will ultimately determine the future of millions.

Paraphrasing Putting a passage from source material into your own words. Must also be credited to the original source. Usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source (1 paragraph, etc) and condensing it slightly.

Paraphrasing Original Passage: In The Sopranos, the mob is besieged as much by inner infidelity as it is by the federal government. Early in the series, the greatest threat to Tony's Family is his own biological family. One of his closest associates turns witness for the FBI, his mother colludes with his uncle to contract a hit on Tony, and his kids click through Web sites that track the federal crackdown in Tony's gangland. Paraphrased Passage: In the first season of The Sopranos, Tony Soprano’s mobster activities are more threatened by members of his biological family than by agents of the federal government. This familial betrayal is multi-pronged. Tony’s closest friend and associate is an FBI informant, his mother and uncle are conspiring to have him killed, and his children are surfing the Web for information about his activities (Duke, 109).

How to Paraphrase Read Note interesting things/phrases Rewrite it in your own words Cite the source If it’s just too well written, choose a quote or two to direct quote! It’s not just using a thesaurus to replace words.

Quoting Quotations: identical to the original using a narrow segment of the source. Must match the source document word for word must be attributed to the original author. Direct quotation. Finally, determining which frog had committed the atrocity, she shouted, “Off with his head!” (Burton 26:52). MLA style citation

Using Quotes/Paraphrases Your quote can’t make your point for you. YOU must make your point. Use a quote, tell the reader WHAT it shows and why. Must INTRODUCE the quote.

Good Sources/Bad Sources Do NOT use wikipedia as a cited source. Because anyone can change anything It changes frequently – can change daily! Sources that end in.edu or.gov are more reliable. Beware of.org,.com, and.net websites. Sometimes can be used to show people’s opinions. Should NOT be used for facts unless reputable source such as news site. Analysis required: News agencies often end in.com They are usually the “primary” source –the group doing the research/surveys. They are edited by professionals, they are assessed, and have quality control It is a good 1 st stop for general info, but should never be cited. Instead, use the reference list at the bottom of the wikipedia page as your jumping off point It is a good 1 st stop for general info, but should never be cited. Instead, use the reference list at the bottom of the wikipedia page as your jumping off point.org = Organization (they have motivation to sell you things, change your beliefs, etc.).com= Company/Commercial (they have motivation to sell you things, change your beliefs, etc.) Often newspapers will have these, so think about your.com carefully.net= Network (anyone can purchase these, be careful of “facts”).