This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement n° Public Health Gateway In Kenya Dennis Muoki – Egerton Uni - Kenya – Charles Njaramba – Egerton Uni - Kenya e-Research Summer Hackfest – Catania (Italy)

Outline 2 Background Road use and demographics Public awareness vs empirical evidence Case Study - Nakuru Data model Implementation Strategy Interfaces Scientific Gateways Timelines Summary and conclusions

Background to the problem 3 In 2002, Kenyan Government removed tax on motorbikes Many young adults have since bought the tools For personal use For use to run a taxi business There is greater ownership of motorbikes n Kenya than that of cars and bicycles combined

Issues arising from exponential motorbike ownership 4 The number of roads never increased at the same rate Competition for almost the same space Training on safety It is well known that many riders have little formal training on safety on the road Accidents Even in regions without cars, the phenomenon of motorbike accidents is very much present.

Case study - Nakuru Town and Surroundings 5 Consider the Nakuru Provincial General Hospital A surgical ward - with a bed capacity of 80 At any given time: 90% of those admitted for surgery are men. All of them are victims of motorbike accidents 50% of them are aged between 20 and 35 years 30% of them succumb to their injuries 60% live the rest of their lives depending on care from a relative. source - 2 doctors who work at the surgical ward

Computing and data model 6 Currently, there are two sources of records regarding accidents Police Doctors What the police record (in Nakuru) Driver details (dob, license validity, whether insured or not) Location of accident (road name, landmark, time of accident) Vehicle details (plate number, make, model, number of passengers) What the hospital records Patient details (name, gender, dob, county and location of birth, whether injury is severe, fatal, minor).

Data model -1 7 Location of the accident Local name by which known GPS coordinates County/sub-county name About the Accident Type (head-on, hit and run, hit from behind) Number of vehicles involved Number of passengers involved Date and time of accident First point of contact (front, back, offside, nearside) About drivers Dob, license number, validity, insurer name and number Nature of injuries Damage to vehicle Vehicle details Plate number, make, model Number of passengers Extent of damage

Data model -2 8 Characteristics of the road Road Layout (single lane two way, dual carriage, junction) Weather (visible, dark, foggy, dry, rainy) Surface (rough, tarmac, aggregate) Also about maneuvers, whether vehicle was: Parked or reversing Slowing or stopping Moving off or waiting to go ahead but held up Waiting to turn left, right, changing lane Overtaking moving or stationary vehicle

Implementation strategy 9 Interfaces: Design a web interface for public health portal for clinicians to publish educational information Set Up infrastructure for Cloud and Grid Computing Design a mobile interface for: Police officers to record accidents Public (motorbike riders and passengers) to install Gain insights into black spots on the fly Gain insights into road safety practices gain insights into fatalities from motorbike accidents Science Gateways: Use future gateway for data storage and management. It will be used as the core gateway for the system to interact with the server. Use gLibrary to retrieve stored data based on user requests

Timelines Before Hackfest ends: Create an underlying RESTful API for the system using gLibrary and FutureGateway Design MySQL DB structure and link it to the two gateways Two Months after the Hackfest: Develop both web and mobile interfaces Implement the interfaces using the open science gateways above Three months after Hackfest: Test and fix bugs for one month after development Launch system alpha version officially on the fourth month

Summary and conclusions 11 Motorbike related accidents in Kenya cause more deaths than those involving bicycles and cars Currently, awareness is extremely low among public and riders Doctors know the extent of fatalities, but riders and general public do not. There seems to be well known black spots, but these are not highlighted in anyway Doctors seem willing to participate in public education, but are too busy to get out of the hospital wards A dissemination tool will enable: Doctors to provide useful information to the public Public to access the information via mobile devices

Thank you! sci-gaia.eu