Respiratory Therapy Equipment Adnan Mohemmed S6 AE

PATHWAY OF BREATHING Nose or Mouth  Larynx  Pharynx  Trachea  Bronchus  Alveoli  Blood vessels

Do you know? When a patient is incapable of adequate ventilation(breath) naturally……mechanical assistance must be provided to save his/her life….. So the process of providing mechanical assistance in respiration and in supplying hypoxic patients with higher than the normal conc: of oxygen or other therapeutic gases or medications constitute Respiratory therapy. Patient can’t breath  Respiratory therapy equipment  Patient can breath Simply….

Main Instruments for Respiratory Therapy 1.Inhalators 2.Ventilators & Respirators 3.Humidifiers 4.Nebulizers 5.Aspirators

INHALATORS This is used to supply oxygen or some other therapeutic gases to patient who is able to breathe spontaneously(naturally) without assistance….for eg: oxygen supply to the mother after or during the labour. It is mainly used when the conc: of oxygen required more than that of air required….. It consists of:- Source of therap: gas, equipment for reducing the pressure & controlling the gas and a device for administering the gas such as 1.Nasal cannulae 2.Catheters 3.Face mask

VENTILATORS AND RESPIRATORS

Mainly there are 3 modes of operations for Respirators(ventilators):- 1. Assist mode- Inspiration is triggered by patient. That is here the respirators helps the patient to breathe ….for patients who are able to control their breathing but are unable to inhale sufficient amount of air without assistance. 2. Control mode- for patients who are unable breathe on their own…eg: patient having severe brain injury ( or any critical) etc. 3. Assist-Control mode- here the respirator automatically goes control mode when patient fails to breathe within predetermined time in assist mode..used in critical care

1.Pressure cycled ventilators(assistor-controller):- The device is powered up pneumatically from a source of gas and requires no electrical power…it may contain an electrically powered compressor. Although it’s small….it includes all necessary equipment to control the flow of gas, mix air and oxygen, sense the patient’s effort to inspire, terminate the we the desired pressure is reached etc..

2. Volume Cycled Ventilator:- It uses either a piston or bellows to dispense a precisely controlled volume each breath… preferred for patients having pulmonary abnormalities and require predictable volumes and conc: of gas. This larger than pneumatic type. These are supplied with a spirometer To permit accurate monitoring of patients ventilation

HUMIDIFIERS  In order to prevent damage the patient’s lungs(walls), the air or oxygen applied during therapy should be humidified..  Thus, virtually all inhalators, ventilators and respirators include equipment to humidify the air either by heat vaporization(steam) or by bubbling an air stream through a jar of water.

NEBULIZERS  When therapy requires that water or some type of medication be suspended in the inspired air as an aerosol, a device called a nebulizer is used.  Ultrasonic nebulizers produce high intensity sound energy well above the audible range, this when applied to water or medication, this energy vibrates the substance with such intensity that high volume minute particles is produced.

ASPIRATORS Aspirator and other type of suction apparatus are often included as part of a ventilator or inhalator to remove mucus and other fluids from the airways.  Where the aspirator is not provided as a part respiratory therapy equipment, a separate suction device may be utilized.