KINGDOM FUNGI Martin

FUNGI Heterotrophic decomposers – Saprophytes: organisms that live in or on matter that they decompose as they use it for food Lichen: fungus that grows with algae or cyanobacteria – Break down rocks and dead trees and turn it into “soil” – Mutualistic relationship

FUNGI Mycorrhizae: relationship between fungi and vascular plants – Fungi live in the roots of the plant – Mutualistic relationship (both benefit)

FUNGI REPRODUCTION Sexual reproduction: – Produces “spores” sexually by the visible part of the mushroom (mushroom cap) – Spores released into the air, and if conditions are right, can develop into it’s own organism – Fruiting body (visible portion) also forms gametes Asexual reproduction: – Through mitosis or “budding” Occurs when a piece breaks off and continues to live and grow as a complete structure Also known as “FRAGMENTATION”

KINGDOM PLANTAE Martin

PLANTS Majority are multicellular, eukaryotic, and photosynthetic Life cycle is called “alternation of generations” – Sexual phase: gametophyte Produce haploid gametes (n) that form sporophytes – Asexual phase: sporophyte Contain spores that undergo meiosis and give rise to a new gametophyte generation

PLANTS Plants can be of different types – Non-vascular – Vascular and seedless – Vascular and seed-bearing

PLANTS Non-Vascular Plants: – Lack tissues used to transport water and sugars – Good example are mosses – Their leaves have a cuticle A waxy covering on the leaves to help retain moisture – Do not have a true root structure

PLANTS Vascular Plants: – Have tube like “vascular tissues” to transport water and sugars Xylem: transport water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant Phloem: transport starch and sugar from the leaves to the rest of the plant – Similar to the circulatory system in humans – Not limited in size, and can live in drier environments when compared to non-vascular

PLANTS Vascular Seed-Bearing GYMNOSPERMS – Nonflowering – Produce cones (i.e. pine cone) – Majority of gymnosperms are “conifers” Have needle like leaves and are evergreen Includes pine trees, fir trees, redwoods

PLANTS Vascular Seed-Bearing ANGIOSPERMS – Flowering plants (the most abundant) – Many angiosperms are “deciduous” Lose their leaves annually (1 time a year) Ex: cotton, dyes, pigments, teas, spices, majority of our foods – Angiosperms can be divided into 2 categories based on how many “cotyledon” they have

PLANTS Angiosperm Divisions – Monocot: one cotyledon – Dicot: two cotyledon

ASSIGNMENT TO COMPLETE PG 180 OF GREEN EOC REVIEW BOOK – B #1-5 PG 182 OF GREEN EOC REVIEW BOOK – B #1-5 – C #1-3 PG 187 OF GREEN EOC REVIEW BOOK – B #1-5 – C #1-5 SHOULD BE TURNED IN ON A CLEAN SHEET OF PAPER BEFORE YOU “LEAF”!!!