Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E765 M748p Image title Indigotérie... Place image published [Amsterdam] Image publisher [Jean Mossy] Image date [1765] Image function fold-out frontispiece Technique engraving Image dimension height 18.6 cm. Image dimension width 17 cm. Page dimension height 29 cm. Page dimension width 21 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French Description Indigo processing plant. Blacks [slaves] work making indigo. Includes European overseer and dwelling. The various pools for obtaining the indigo are displayed along with implements used to produce indigo, drying sheds, and fields for the cultivation of the plant. Items in the image are lettered for identification in a key below. Source creator Monnereau, Elie Source Title Le parfait indigotier ou Description de l'indigo... Source place of publication A Amsterdam, & se vend a Marseille Source publisher Chez Jean Mossy, Libraire au Parc Source date M. DCC. LXV. [1765] notes Monnereau lived in Limonade, Saint Dominque, present-day Haiti. Time Period Subject matter inventions Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Caribbean Islands Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo--Caribbean area

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E763 B444d Image title Vue d'une Indigoterie Place image published [Paris] Image publisher [Didot] Image date [1763] Image function plate X; following p. 222 Technique engraving Image dimension height 20.4 cm. Image dimension width 16.7 cm. Page dimension height 25.2 cm. Page dimension width 19.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French Description Indigo processing plant. Blacks [slaves] work making indigo. Botanical elements include identification of various plants including cacti, indigo, and trees. Includes European overseer and dwelling. Items in the image are lettered for identification in a key below. Source creator Bellin, Jacques Nicolas, Source Title Description geographique de la Guiane Source place of publication A Paris Source publisher De l'Imprimerie de Didot Source date M. D. CC. LXIII. [1763] Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary Add a comment geographic area Guianas Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo--French Guiana

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Amorpha fruticosa. L. Vulgo Indigoeira bastarda Creator 1 Vianna Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 2; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 110 Technique engraving Image dimension height 14.8 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 9.1 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Latin Description False indigo plant showing leaves and flowers. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes Desert false indigo, Amorpha fruticosa L., is also known as indigo bush.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Amorpha

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number H790 C351s Image title L'Incaco Creator 1 Benedetto Bordiga Creator 1 dates Creator 1 role inc. Place image published [Milan] Image publisher [Giuseppe Marelli] Image date [1791] Image function plate; following p. 200 Technique engraving Image dimension height 17.6 cm. Image dimension width 11.3 cm. Page dimension height 24.7 cm. Page dimension width 17.8 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Italian Description Part of the indigo plant showing flowers, fruit, and leaves. Items in the image are lettered for identification in adjoining text. Source creator Castiglioni, Luigi, Source Title Storia delle piante forestiere le più importanti nell'uso medico, od economico... Tomo I Source place of publication Milano [Milan] Source publisher Nella Stamperia di Giuseppe Marelli Source date 1791 notes Indigo was first mentioned in a written western source in the writing of Herodotus (writing around 450 B.C.) and was a valued product from medieval times on. An indigenous variety of indigo began to be cultivated on the Pacific slopes of Central America in the 1560s. The French colony of Saint Domingue eventually became the major producer of indigo. Text describes indigo being found in the Caribbean and Mexico. Scientific name: Indigofera suffruticosa (variety native to South and Cental America). Time Period References (May 2003) Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary Add a comment geographic area Caribbean Islands geographic area Spanish America Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Natural history--Mexico Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Natural history--Caribbean area

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E742 L114n Image title Indigoterie. Place image published [Paris] Image publisher [Guillaume Cavelier] Image date [1742] Image function fold-out plate; vol. 1, following p. 268 Technique engraving Image dimension height 13.5 cm. Image dimension width 22.4 cm. Page dimension height 16.4 cm. Page dimension width 24.4 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French Description Indigo processing plant. Blacks [slaves] work making indigo. Includes dwellings and European overseer. The various descending pools for processing the indigo are shown along with drying sheds, fields for the cultivation of the plant, place for the draining of the indigo, and examples of the indigo plant, spiny cactus, and trumpet tree. Items in the image are numbered for identification in a key at top. Source creator Labat, Jean Baptiste, Source Title Nouveau voyage aux isles de l'Amerique... Tome premier Source place of publication A Paris Source publisher Chez Guillaume Cavelier Pere, Libraire, au Lys d'or Source date M. DCC. XLII. [1742] notes This image is derived from Jean Baptiste Du Tertre, Histoire générale des Antilles, vol. 2, p. 107.A French Dominican and missionary, Labat was sent to the West Indies from 1693 to He illustrated much of his work himself. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Caribbean Islands Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo--Caribbean area Subject headings Natural history--Caribbean area

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E764 C446c / 1-SIZE Image title [top] Indigoterie [bottom] [Manioc preparation] Creator 1 Laurent Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Avignon] Image date [1764] Image function plate III; vol. 1, following p.366 Technique engraving Image dimension height 20.1 cm. Image dimension width 15 cm. Page dimension height 24.1 cm. Page dimension width 18.8 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description [top] Indigo processing plant. Blacks [slaves] work making indigo. Includes dwellings and European overseer. The various descending pools for obtaining the indigo are shown along with drying sheds, fields for the cultivation of the plant, and place for the draining of the indigo. [bottom] Methods of processing manioc. A press weighted with stones, a hanging sieve and drying racks are shown. Also includes a knife and bowl or scoop. Items in the image are numbered for identification, but the key is not provided in this text. Source creator Chambon, M. Source Title Commerce de l'Amérique par Marseille... Tome premier Source place of publication A Avignon Source date M. DCC. LXIV [1764] notes To process indigo, the cut plants are fermented in warm water. The slurry is then aerated to introduce oxygen. Then ashes or mucilage from the plants is added to induce precipitation which separates sediment from the solution. Finally the sediment is dried and cut into cakes.To process manioc the roots were grated and pounded into a pulp from which the poisonous juice was extracted. The pulp could then be removed, washed and roasted, rendering it safe to eat. These illustrations were taken and reversed from Denis Diderot, Encyclopédie, ou, Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des metiers, Paris, Time Period References (July 2006) Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Caribbean Islands Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Sugar--Manufacture and refining Subject headings Indigo

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E686 M253d Image title Indigotoire Place image published [Frankfurt am Main] Image publisher [Jean David Zunner] Image date [1686] Image function plate; vol. 5, fig. 32, following p. 192 Technique engraving Image dimension height 13.9 cm. Image dimension width 10 cm. Page dimension height 20.2 cm. Page dimension width 14.2 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French Description Indigo processing plant. Blacks [slaves] work making indigo. Includes European overseer and dwellings. The various pools for obtaining the indigo are displayed along with implements used to produce indigo, drying sheds, and fields for the cultivation of the plant. Two workers harvest plants, tend the various tanks, and carry the dried cones of indigo to a drying shed. Source creator Manesson-Mallet, Allain, 1630?-1706? Source Title Description de l'univers, contenant les differents systemes du monde, les cartes generales & particulieres de la geographie ancienne & moderne... Tome cinquième Source place of publication Francfourt sur le Main [Frankfurt am Main] Source publisher Chez Jean David Zunner Source date M DC LXXXVI [1686] notes To process indigo, the cut plants are fermented in warm water. The slurry is then aerated to introduce oxygen. Then ashes or mucilage from the plants is added to induce precipitation which separates sediment from the solution. Finally the sediment is dried and cut into cakes.This image derived from Jean Baptiste du Tertre, Histoire générale des Antilles, Paris, Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoaria, ou fabrica de anil. Creator 1 Vianna Creator 1 role grav. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function fold-out plate 2; vol. 2, part 1, following p. [342] Technique engraving Image dimension height 15.6 cm. Image dimension width 21.7 cm. Page dimension height 19.5 cm. Page dimension width 24.8 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo processing plant. Three blacks [slaves] work at the processing pools. Includes wooden tables for drying indigo, indigo knife and sampling bowl, cones for drying indigo, bucket, dwellings, and waterfall. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceeding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes This image is also in Il gazzettiere Americano, Livorno [Leghorn], A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Indigo processing plant] Creator 1 M. Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher No Arco do Cego Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 4; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 21.1 cm. Image dimension width 14.1 cm. Page dimension height 23.6 cm. Page dimension width 17 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Indigo processing plant showing the various vats with beaters to stir up the indigo slurry and scoops. Includes the drying house with indigo laid out on slats, as well as a cross section of the processing plant. Also includes a well with scaffolding built around it and a chute to carry water to the vats. Two men [slaves?] draw water from the well. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes This image is derived from an image in another volume of this work. Cf A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Indigo processing plant] Creator 1 M. Creator 1 role f. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher No Arco do Cego Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 5; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 19.3 cm. Image dimension width 13 cm. Page dimension height 23.2 cm. Page dimension width 17.4 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Indigo processing plant showing a vat with a slurry which is being stirred up by two black men [slaves?]. Also includes two men pounding with mortar and pestle, a drying house with racks for drying indigo, a cross section of the pestle, a cross section of the drying house, a sheet with leaves or flowers, and a rack with bags and cones for drying indigo. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes This image is derived from an image in another volume of this work. Cf A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoeria de codeço Creator 1 Vianna Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 3; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 172 Technique engraving Image dimension height 14.7 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 9.5 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo plant showing leaves and flowers. Includes a detail of the seed pod. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes This plant may be yellow wild indigo, Baptisia tinctoria, also known as indigo weed, indigo broom, and American indigo.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period References (June 2007) Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigofera

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E719 V975a Image title Indigo Place image published [Amsterdam] Image publisher [Etienne Roger] Image date [1719] Image function fold-out plate; following p. 238 Technique etching, engraving Image dimension height 9.8 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 10.5 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 16.3 cm. Page dimension width 12.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French Description Branch of the indigo plant. Source Title Voyages aux côtes de Guinée & en Amerique. Source place of publication A Amsterdam Source publisher aux depens d'Etienne Roger, marchand libraire... Source date MDCCXIX. [1719] notes Text states that the plant is quite fragile and susceptible to damage. The process of making dye from the plant creates dangerous fumes. Author's discussion of indigo is found in his description of Santo Domingo (Saint Domingue). Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Caribbean Islands Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigofera

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoeria de onze folhas Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 8; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 240 Technique engraving Image dimension height 13.6 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 8.8 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo plant showing leaves, roots, and flowers. Includes a detail of a flower and seed pod. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes Text is taken from a manual of Jamaica. This plant is identified as an indigo with eleven leaves.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigofera

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoeria colinil Creator 1 Freitas Creator 1 role grav. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 5; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 186 Technique engraving Image dimension height 14.8 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 9.4 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo plant showing leaves, flowers, and seed pods. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigofera

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoeria felpuda Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 6; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 212 Technique engraving Image dimension height 13.6 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 8.8 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo plant showing leaves, roots, and flowers. Includes a detail of a flower. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes Text is taken from a manual for the inhabitants of Saint Domingue, present-day Haiti. This plant is identified as a hairy indigo.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigofera

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoeira dendroide Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 9; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 252 Technique engraving Image dimension height 12.8 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 8.8 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo plant showing leaves, roots, and flowers. Includes details of a flower and section of stem. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes This plant is identified as being a tree indigo.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigofera

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoeira tintureira. Creator 1 Freitas Creator 1 role grav. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 1; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 32 Technique engraving Image dimension height 14.8 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 9.2 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo plant showing leaves and flowers. Includes detail of flower and seed pods. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes Indigofera is a large genus of about 700 species of flowering plants belonging to the family Fabaceae from which indigo dye is produced. The scientific name of the variety native to South and Central America is Indigofera suffructicosa.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigofera

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoeria alvacenta Creator 1 Vianna Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function plate 4; vol. 2, part 1, following p. 178 Technique engraving Image dimension height 14.7 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 9.6 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 10.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo plant showing leaves and flowers. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes This plant may be white wild indigo, Baptisia alba, also known as white false indigo.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period References (June 2007) Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Baptisia

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Indigo] Creator 1 Souza Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher No Arco do Cego Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 1; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 19.9 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 14.3 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 23.4 cm. Page dimension width 17.8 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Varieties of indigo. Fig. 4 is an example of indigofera from New Spain. Fig. 5 is taken from the mainland of America. Includes leaves, roots, seeds, seedling, and flowers. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Tinturaria. Parte II Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes The examples are taken from Piso, Historia natural do Brasil, according to note in text preceding image.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Spanish America Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number D704 C563c / 1-SIZE Image title [Plants and trees of Brazil] Place image published [London] Image publisher [Awnsham and John Churchill] Image date [1704] Image function fold-out plate; vol. 2, following p. 138 Technique engraving Image dimension height 29.2 cm. Image dimension width 35.7 cm. Page dimension height 31.6 cm. Page dimension width 39.7 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages English Description Plants and trees of Brazil including sugar cane, cashew tree, papaya tree, indigo plant, and branch of chili pepper plant. Includes the fruits of the cashew, papaya, and a detail of the sugar cane. Also includes an illustration of a potato [?]. Source Title A collection of voyages and travels, some now first printed from original manuscripts.... Vol. II. Source place of publication London Source publisher Printed for Awnsham and John Churchill at the Black Swan in Pater-noster-Row. Source date MDCCIV [1704] notes This illustrates Johannes Nieuhof, Voyages and travels, into Brasil. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Natural history--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E700 F927r Image title Debouquement des Antilles par St Thomas Place image published [Paris] Image publisher [Nicolas Le Gras] Image date [1700] Image function fold-out plate; following p. 202 Technique engraving Image dimension height 15.8 cm. Image dimension width 12.2 cm. Page dimension height 18.2 cm. Page dimension width 14 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French Description [top] Map of part of the Caribbean Sea, especially the Virgin Islands, including Saint Croix and Saint Thomas. Cartographic elements include compass rose, scale, route taken by the expedition, line of longitude and line of latitude, and topographical details. [bottom] View of a port on the island of Saint Thomas. Includes dwellings, fortification, and ships. Source creator Froger, François, b Source Title Relation d'un voyage fait en & aux côtes d'Afrique, Détroit de Magellan, Brezil, Cayenne, & Isles Antilles, par une escadre des vaisseaux du roy, commandée par Monsieur de Gennes.... Source place of publication A Paris Source publisher Chez Nicolas Le Gras, au troisième Pilier de la grande Salle du Palais, à l'L couronnée. Source date M. DCC. [1700] notes Froger notes that French Saint Croix was known for sugar, cotton, indigo, fowl, and pigs. Dutch Saint Thomas was remarkable for its white cliffs and towers around its fortified port. Sugar and indigo were grown there, but the slave trade with the Spanish on Puerto Rico was more important.Admiral de Gennes had two purposes in this voyage supported by Louis XIV --to create trouble for Spain and to take booty. Six ships sailed ostensibly to establish a colony at the Strait of Magellan. They stopped on the African coast where they raided a fort, taking slaves and goods that were then sold by one of the ships in the Antilles. The other ships continued on to Rio de Janeiro and down the South American coast to the Strait of Magellan, but they had to turn back due to a shortage of food. They returned to La Rochelle in April Time Period Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Caribbean Islands Subject Area Geography, maps, city views and plans Subject headings Virgin Islands--Maps