WW1 New and Improved Weapons!

Warm Up! Answer all: 1.Do you believe regular American citizens should be allowed to own firearms of any kind? Why or why not? 2.In WW1 What type of weapon would scare you the most if you had to face it in trench warfare? (examples of weapons: a machine gun, tanks, artillery, poison gas or 100s of men with rifles?) 3.Which of the above weapons would be least threatening to you? Why?

Warm-up WW1 Review activity: Take out a piece of lined paper Number it 1-10 and put your name and todays’ date on it For those who were absent (on Cos Trip) complete the warm-up journal from yesterday on the 2 nd slide of yesterday’s notes. See me for your note packet and complete the three journal requirements. Due at the end of the 15 minutes.

Answer all Quickly 1-4.: What were the MAIN Causes of WW1? 5. Who was shot to “spark” WW1? 6. Name the 2 sides in WW1 and (EC: tell me who was in them) 7. Name an Empire that was Broken up. 8. What Treaty ended WW1? Name any other 2 facts you learned from yesterday’s ww1 lesson.

Artillery Caused between 60% and 70% of the casualties in WW1 (caused most casualties) Longer range and faster firing than in 1800s Could fire High explosive shells, poison gas or smoke shells Used to kill/wound, destroy trenches, break up enemy attacks and cut “pathways” through barbed wire

Trenches

Machine Guns Machine Gun: can fire up to 800 bullets per minute, (caused 2 nd most casualties in WW1) took 3 men to carry, set up and fire it and reload it, fed by long ammunition belts of bullets, It’s use, along with better artillery, caused armies to dig long lines of protective trenches First one invented by Hiram Maxim* (cool story!) At start of WW1(1914) British didn’t think it was “honorable” only bought 800, Germans LOVED it, bought 10,000 Machine Gun: can fire up to 800 bullets per minute,

Airplane: Bi planes and Tri planes, flimsy, light construction, made of wood, wires and often covered over with paper! (flammable!) 1 or two seat versions >First used for recon, then “dog fights” developed between enemy planes, pilots 1 st carried pistols, rifles to shoot at other pilots, >Finally machine guns added directly to planes thanks to “interrupter” mechanism >dropped bombs and grenades by hand then developed racks…

Anti Aircraft gun: First ones were simply Machine guns, Germans began to first used heavy cannons mounted on trucks, Brits and French copy put in place around airfields, HQs, and artillery sites

TANKS; Invented by British, ( Mark IV) named after water tanks to disguise invention from German spies, Germans and French copied and made own tanks (A7 for Germans) > first used by Brits in 1916 Battle of Somme (ineffectively); had machine guns and small cannons, crew of 4-8 moved across trenches, barbed wire and machine gun nests with ease! Needed infantry with them to protect them from gas bombs, artillery fire, VERY heavy, could move over some bridges, VERY slow 4-8 mph Weak armor, bullets could splash through seams, cannons could wreck them

U Boats German name for submarine (unterseeboot) Used to sink Allied merchant ships halt /slow the flow of supplies coming across the seas Became Germany’s primary sea weapon once German surface fleet was pushed back at Battle of Jutland Fired deck gun or (more rarely) used torpedoes to sink a vessel… Could only stay submerged for a few hours, 24 in emergency Allies had to create sonar detection devices to find them and used CONVOYS to gather merchant ships together for protection by a few warships U-boats were sunk by depth charges

Poison Gas: first used by Germans, deployed in glass canisters, steel canisters later 1 in every 4 artillery shells fired in WW1! 3 main types: 1. Tearing agents (Lachrymator) Tear Gas! Used to scare troops into putting on masks, disrupt aim, also sent in first to “MASK” other more deadly gasses to follow, 2. Asphyxiant: poison gas! Includes chlorine, phosgene and diphosgene, chlorine forms hydrochloric acid when it comes in contact with moisture (like lung tissue or in eyes!) no way to treat infected once dose is in 3. Blistering Agent: Mustard Gas! Acts on all exposed moist skin such as eyes, groin and armpits ect. Gas mask could offer very little protection! PROBLEM with gas in war: blows with the winds, can hurt own troops…

Life in the Trenches

VLAs WW1 weapons: NqKM NqKM Poison Gas attack: vMZnw vMZnw

Wrap Up: What were the MAIN causes of WW1? Name 4 new types and List 2 to 3 details for each Who was shot to “spark” WW1? What ship was sunk to help get the US into WW1? Name 2-3 details you learned about this:

Wrap Up Alternate: Using all of your WW1 knowledge from the past classes create 10 fill in the blank of multiple choice questions of things YOU predict could be on an assessment: Include name, date and the correct answer!: