Invertebrates I: Porifera, Cnidaria,. Tree of Life.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Cnidarians Jellies, Anemones, Corals
Advertisements

Sponges Cnidarians Ctenophores
“Lower” Invertebrates I: Sponges & Radiata
Hydra, Jellyfish, Coral, & Sea Anemones
Phylum Cnidaria Kingdom Animalia Phylum Cnidaria Classes:HydrozoaScyphozoaAnthozoaCubozoa Roxanna Shadmehr Holly Hoang Olivia Miller.
CHAPTER 33 INVERTEBRATES Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section B: Radiata 1.Phylum Cnidaria: Cnidarians have.
Corals, Anemones, Sea Fans, and Jellyfish - Aquatic Stinging Nettles
Simple InvertebratesSection 2 CH 27 Phylum Cnidaria Jelly-fish, coral, sea anemones, and hydras.
1 Cnidarians & Ctenophorans 1copyright cmassengale.
35-2 Cnidaria and Ctenophora
Cnidaria & Ctenophora. Cnidaria Radially symmetrical Tentacles contain nematocysts (stinging cells)
Phylum Cnidaria or Coelenterata
PHYLUM: CNIDARIA.
Ch 26- Sponges and Cnidarians What characteristics do all animals share? – Members of kingdom Animalia, multicellular, eukaryotic heterotrophs, lack cell.
Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata) The “simplest” of the complex animals...
Jellyfish, Coral, Sea Anemone, and Hydroids
Tree of Life. Invertebrates I: Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Sipuncula, Echiura.
Sponges, Cnidarians, and Ctenophores
Phylum Cnidaria.
Phylum Porifera: Sponges have  specialized cells but no tissues; no symmetry –Sponges are the most  primitive animals on Earth 570 million year old fossils.
Sponges, Cnidarians and Ctenophores
Phylum Porifera. Means “pore-bearer” Asymmetry…no definite shape Sessile as adults Includes sponges…not very complex (no tissues/organs/systems) Life.
Jellyfish, Corals, and Sea Anemones
Phylum Cnidaria stinging-celled animals Jellyfishes, corals, anemones Radial symmetry Two tissue layers with inner mesoglea Primitive nerve net but no.
Phylum Porifera. Means “pore-bearer” Radial summetry Sessile as adults Includes sponges…not very complex (no tissues/organs/systems) Life functions take.
Chapter 33 Table of Contents Section 1 Porifera
The Jellyfish Cnidarians have radial symmetry, a gastrovascular cavity, and cnidocytes All animals except sponges – Belong to the clade Eumetazoa, the.
1 Cnidarians & Ctenophorans 1copyright cmassengale.
Phylum Cnidaria.
Phylum Cnidaria & Ctenophora
Phylum Cnidaria The Cnidarians species Jellyfish Sea anemones Corals Hydra.
Cnidarians – Stinging Celled Animals Section 28.2.
Cnidarians Mr. Walker Invertebrate Zoology Section 26.2 Summary – pages There are four classes of cnidarians: Diversity of Cnidarians Hydrozoa,
Cnidarians Animals with Stinging Tentacles Classes
Marine Biology Day 13 Sponges  Cnidarians
Phylum: Cnidaria (Coelenterata, Ctenophora)
KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Cnidaria
Jelly-fish, coral, sea anemones, and hydras
Phylum Cnidaria Unit 3.2.
Hydra, jellyfish, coral, & sea anemones
Essential Question: What is a cnidarian?
How to Use This Presentation
Jellyfish, Coral, Sea Anemone, and Hydroids
KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Cnidaria
Phylum Cnidaria & Ctenophora
KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Cnidaria
Phylum Cnidaria.
Phylum Cnidaria Chapter 26.
Phylum Cnidaria Classes: 1. Coral- Anthozoa 2. Hydra- Hydrozoa
Phylum Cnidaria.
Phylum Cnidaria.
Quick Sponge Quiz How do sponges differ from other animals? How do they feed, respire, and eliminate wastes? Sponges: do not have a mouth or digestive.
Jellies, Corals, and Anemones
Cnidarians & Ctenophorans
copyright cmassengale
Phylum Coelenterata (Cnidaria & Ctenophora)
Phylum Cnidaria Chapter 26.
Cnidarians & Ctenophorans
Phylum Cnidaria.
Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora
Phylum Cnidaria & Ctenophora
Sponges and Cnidarians
Phylum Cnidaria.
Phylum Porifera Sponges Phylum Cnidaria  Jellyfish, corals .....
Invertebrates Sponges & Cnidarians.
Phylum Cnidaria.
Chapter 26 Sponges & Cnidarians
KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Cnidaria
Cnidaria Greek word Cnidos meaning stinging nettles
KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Cnidaria
Presentation transcript:

Invertebrates I: Porifera, Cnidaria,

Tree of Life

I. Invertebrates - Background Kingdom Animalia Kingdom Animalia 97% of all animal species are invertebrates 97% of all animal species are invertebrates Animals without a backbone Animals without a backbone All major groups have marine representatives (some are exclusively marine) All major groups have marine representatives (some are exclusively marine) (3-15 million species) (3-15 million species)

II. Phylum Porifera (Sponges) Simplest multicellular animals Simplest multicellular animals Most are marine (~9000 species) Most are marine (~9000 species) Sessile (attached to substrate) Sessile (attached to substrate) Diversity of shapes, sizes, colors, habitats Diversity of shapes, sizes, colors, habitats Found from low tide line to 3.5 miles deep Found from low tide line to 3.5 miles deep

Shapes: Tiny cups, broad branches, tall vases, encrusting round masses

III. Phylum Cnidaria Big steps from simple sponges to evolution of tissues Big steps from simple sponges to evolution of tissues > 10,000 species > 10,000 species All are aquatic, mostly marine All are aquatic, mostly marine Sea anemones Sea anemones Corals Corals Jellies Jellies

Fig. 7.5 Radial symmetry- similar parts of body are arranged and repeated around central axis. Look the same from all sides and have neither head or tail, front or back Oral surface (mouth) Aboral surface (opposite) III. Phylum Cnidaria

2 basic forms Polyp: anemone, tube with a mouth surrounded by tentacles, specialized in sedentary (sessile) life attached to substrate Polyp: anemone, tube with a mouth surrounded by tentacles, specialized in sedentary (sessile) life attached to substrate Medusa: jellyfish, bell-shaped free-floating, swim by pulsating contractions Medusa: jellyfish, bell-shaped free-floating, swim by pulsating contractions III. Phylum Cnidaria

No true organs Tube/sac with single opening (mouth) Mouth opens to gut Mouth opens to gut Tentacles capture food Tentacles capture food CNIDOCYSTS (stinging cells, NOTE NAME) CNIDOCYSTS (stinging cells, NOTE NAME) Defense Defense Prey capture Prey capture Contain NEMATOCYSTS =thread bag (stinging capsule) Contain NEMATOCYSTS =thread bag (stinging capsule) Simple nervous system Simple nervous system Trap food using mucus secreted at mouth and tentacles Some with symbiotic zooxanthellae, provides host with nutrients, O 2, use up CO 2 III. Phylum Cnidaria-feeding

4 Classes of cnidarians Class Hydrozoa (includes hydras, hydroids, hydromedusae, chondrophorans, siphonophores, hydrocorallines) Feathery, bushy colonies of tiny polyps attach to pilings, shells, surfaces Alternate between polyp and medusa form III. Phylum Cnidaria

Class Scyphozoa-jellyfishes All marine species, few hundred All marine species, few hundred Medusae large (dominant stage) Medusae large (dominant stage) E.g. – Cyanea capillata (Lion’s Mane) E.g. – Cyanea capillata (Lion’s Mane) Bell > 2 m Bell > 2 m Tentacles 60+ m Tentacles 60+ m Swim by contracting bell rhythmically, pulsing contraction, Swim by contracting bell rhythmically, pulsing contraction, at mercy of currents Stings *, sometimes fatal Stings *, sometimes fatal Desmonema glaciale Aurelia aurita III. Phylum Cnidaria

Cyanea capillata

Class Anthozoa (most are) Polyp (more complex than hydrozoan, scyphozoan Polyp (more complex than hydrozoan, scyphozoan Sexes usually separate Sexes usually separate Oviparous (egg-bearer) and viviparous (young bearing) Oviparous (egg-bearer) and viviparous (young bearing) Passive suspension feeders Passive suspension feeders Solitary forms Solitary forms Sea anemones Sea anemones Colonial forms Colonial forms Corals Corals Stony corals – branching and massive Stony corals – branching and massive - Some build reefs - Some build reefs Soft corals Soft corals Gorgonians Gorgonians Sea pens Sea pens Sea pansies Sea pansies (Drawings: Brain coral and Gorgonian specimen) (Drawings: Brain coral and Gorgonian specimen) Anthopleura xanthogrammica III. Phylum Cnidaria

Branching CoralsDoming Corals

Soft Corals Sea Pen Sea Pansy

Gorgonians (Sea Whips)

Gorgonians (Sea Fans)

Class Cubozoa, “scyphozoa cubed” Sea wasps, Box jellyfish Sea wasps, Box jellyfish square bell-cuboidal swimming bell square bell-cuboidal swimming bell 4 tentacles or bunches 4 tentacles or bunches Highly toxic Highly toxic III. Phylum Cnidaria

Exclusively Marine (100 species) Aka comb jellies Resemble Cnidarians Most primitive Biradial symmetry (radial + bilateral symmetry) 8 rows of ciliary combs (ctenes) 8 rows of ciliary combs (ctenes) Equally spaced on body surface Equally spaced on body surface Each row is a ridge, paddle of fused cilia Each row is a ridge, paddle of fused cilia Beat aboral to oral, propels mouth forward Beat aboral to oral, propels mouth forward Organ system: Digestive system-mouth to pharynx to stomach Organ system: Digestive system-mouth to pharynx to stomach Predatory and Carnivorous Predatory and Carnivorous Lack nematocysts Lack nematocysts Capture prey with sticky colloblasts Capture prey with sticky colloblasts May occur in swarms May occur in swarms Heavy predators Heavy predators (consume lots of fish larvae) (consume lots of fish larvae) IV. Phylum Ctenophora (comb-bearing)

Beroe Pleurobrachia