Smart Cities: Low Carbon Solutions Per Sieverts Nielsen Urban Challenge Summer School 16 August 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Content Introduction Danish renewable energy sources Copenhagen Climate Plan 2025 Aspects of the energy system at Nordhavnen 2 23 September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” EU climate targets 3 23 September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Danish national energy plan 4 23 September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” CITIES is a research centre, which aims at integrating smart ICT solutions and low carbon solutions in all aspects of the energy system. CITIES: Centre for IT Intelligent Energy Solution in Cities

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Development in Danish energy consumption 6 23 September September September

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Supply Solutions – Renewable energy sources Power from wind Power from solar PV Heat from solar thermal Heat and power from Biomass Etc.

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Wind and biomass in the Danish energy system 8 23 September September September MILJOE/Miljoerapportering/Elproduktion-i- Danmark/Sider/Elproduktion-i-Danmark.aspx tonsvis-og-lader-halmen-radne-pa-markerne

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Solar PV in Denmark 9 23 September September September 2016 Solar PV systems in DKSolar influx in Denmark

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Wind in Denmark September September September 2016 Wind resources in Denmark

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Biomass resources in Denmark September September September 2016 Production of manure in Denmark Straw surplus in Denmark

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Bioenergy in Denmark September September September 2016 Cooperativre plants Farm biogas plants Industrial plants Landfill plants Waste water treatment plants Tonnes of woodpellets per year

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” 13 Power production – Import/Export

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Electricity production (green) and electricity consumption (grey) September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” The changes in the Danish power system September September September 2016 Energinet.dk (presentation by Henning Parbo at Cambridge University, 2014)

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Change towards smart netvorks or decentral solutions From centralised to decentralised production

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” District heating in Danmark September, September, September,

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” District heating in Greater Copenhagen September, September, September,

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Urbanisation In 2014, the urban population accounted for 54% of the total global population, up from 34% in The expectation is that the urban population will be increasing 1.84% per year between 2015 and 2020, 1.63% per year between 2020 and 2025, and 1.44% per year between 2025 and Copenhagen is modest at a current growth rate of 0.2% goes up with 1200 people per year. C40 points out that while cities only occupy about 2% of the world’s landmass, they account for more than two thirds of global energy consumption and more than 70% of global CO2-emissions September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” More copenhageners - less carbon emissions

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Copenhagen climate targets and green growth Broad political consensus on climate plan to make Copenhagen Carbon Neutral by 2025 Growth and climate action are each others prerequisites Focus on growth, employment and new technology Enforcing the Danish cleantech sector

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” How to achieve Carbon Neutrality? >Wide range of activities and areas of focus integrated into budget >Energy production as key area providing 2/3 of the planned >Innovation and Demonstration Projects >Partnerships with businesses and universities >North Harbour as test case

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” CO2 reduction in Copenhagen

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Copenhagen – a green growth role model –A political level that takes the lead –Cyclists –High share of renewable energy –Clean water in the harbour –District heating + cooling –Integrated public transport

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Copenhagen cooperates with many stakeholders

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Definition of Smart City Copenhagen had a cross department process in 2013 for deciding their definition of Smart Cities Use of data Use of new technologies/using old technologies in new ways Efficient use of resources New ways to involve citizens and stakeholders Innovation or technology-based growth Public-private partnerships Solve more than one problem at a time September September September 2016 Else Kloppenborg et al, 2015: Transformation agenda for Copenhagen (D2.2)

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Alternative definition of Smart City A SMART CITY – is a city that thinks about how it works: A city that is adapting to current and future challenges and demands A city that learns to handle for changing demographics A city that creates an attractive place to live and work A city that makes intelligent, efficient and sustainable use of natural resources A city that decides on and controls the necessary public infrastructure A city that can work with private expertise and excellence in efficient sustainable service provision A city that can make use of private companies to implement innovate solutions for the challenges ahead A city that is able to deliver in a low carbon economy September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Data & ICT The idea in Copenhagen is to apply the means of data & ICT to a few areas first: Climate, energy, mobility, citizen services and, cross-cutting these themes while allowing for yet others: innovation and growth. More areas may be added before the strategy is adopted. The focus has shifted from a very open approach with an emphasis on the use of technology, data & ICT in particular, to a more goal-oriented approach in which the areas that should be supported are named (e.g. climate, energy, mobility etc.). This outlined shift reflects a typical result of coordination across the City Administration. And the outcome of this process has increasingly evolved into a more comprehensive smart city understanding September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Background and Status of CPH 2015 Copenhagen City’s ambition to become the world’s first carbon neutral capital by The current status (as of 2014) is that overall the City is well on track. The current climate plan: CPH 2025 commits the City Council to allocate resources on a continued basis to reach the goal. A total of 2.7 billion DKK (€ 363 million) public money was agreed for the entire period of CPH 2025, that is, from 2012 to Second, the roadmap for CPH 2025 includes 65 specific projects, and it includes budgets, time-horizons and desired impact. It makes the climate plan tangible to stakeholders, citizens and observers more generally September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” CPH 2025 – contributions for CO2 reductions Energy consumption – 7% of the total CO2-reductions in CPH 2025 Energy production – 74% Green Mobility – 11% The City Administration’s own climate initiatives – 2%, and New Initiatives – 6% September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” CO2 emissions Without initiatives from CPH September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Relative share of CO2 emission reduction September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” CO2-reductions from energy production (74% share of CO2 emission reduction) September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” CO2-reductions as a result of initiatives in CPH September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” HOFOR Energy Production in CPH 2025 – accounts for 74% of the planned CO2- reductions. It is therefore very important that HOFOR, the City-owned utility company, supports CPH HOFOR supports CPH 2025 in a number of ways: The primary strategic action is to substitute fossil fuels with biomass (wood chips) at Amagerværket, the Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Plant, which was purchased by HOFOR in January Secondly, HOFOR establishes wind farms primarily outside the City that will result in a surplus production of RES relative to the total energy consumption in Copenhagen. This wind power may serve not only to cover energy consumption in the city but also to compensate CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel based traffic in Copenhagen. Moreover, HOFOR creates energy savings in the district heating grids, facilitates energy savings at end-user level, and invests in climate change adaptation (e.g. rainwater management) September September September 2016

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” 23. september

23. september

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer”

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Station-proximity planning; city area based on terms of cyclists and pedestrians m2 in the years Landowner: CPH City & Port Development 40,000 inhabitants A green cruise terminal 40,000 jobs Plan Basis in place in 2011, developed up to North Harbour – Building for the future

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer”

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Mobility: the 5 minute city

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Energy partnership: Nordhavn

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Principles for energy supply in North Harbour Basic supply ensures partial sustainability District Heating District Cooling CO2 neutral power from wind turbines (not located in the North Harbour) according to the Copenhagen climate plan Demonstration Initiatives that create value and Green Growth Geothermal Smart Grid integrated with heat production Land Power for shipping industry

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” District heating Solar heating Heat storage Geo thermal Smart grid Power plant Wind power Solar power Electric cooling Groundwater cooling Cooling storage Seawater cooling Current Short term Long term

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Concrete Smart City examples/options Energy system integration Real-time data Service architechture Digital masterplanning – cobled to the physical structure The smart building XXX – there are several sectors which can be smart

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Technical solutions Smart Energy Smart house Street lights On land electricity supply for cruise ships Electric cars Lowtemperature district heating District cooling Heat storage Geothermal

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” Battery in the Nordhavnen September September September 2016 ABB/DONG. Power: 650 kW, Energy 650 KWh

DTU Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark Add Presentation Title in Footer via ”Insert”; ”Header & Footer” 23. september