METAL TREATMENT BASE PROCESS METAL CASTING ENGINEERING GRADE XI/ SEMESTER 1 AND 2 SK-KD 017

COMPETENCY ACHIEVEMENT DIAGRAM Teknologi dan Rekayasa

COMPETENCY STANDARD AND BASIC COMPETENCY COMPETENCY STANDARD Explains Metal Treatment Base Process BASIC COMPETENCY 1.Mentions metal making and processing 2.Elaborates element and metal 3.Shows metal heat treatment process 4.Elaborates metal corrosion process and veneering 5.Shows metal examination process Teknologi dan Rekayasa

LEARNING AIM After learning finish 1.Educative participant can mention metal making and processing 2.Educative participant can elaborate element and metal 3.Educative participant can show metal heat treatment process 4.Educative participant can elaborate metal corrosion process and veneering 5.Educative participant can show metal examination process Teknologi dan Rekayasa

1. Process Of Iron and Steel Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Mining and Ocher Processing Mining of ocher depends on situation where the ocher is found. If ocher at surface of earth hence mining is done surface by earth (open-pit mining), and if ocher resided in subterranean by hence mining is done underground (underground mining). Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Purification process 1.Ocher broken to become smooth particles 2.Ocher particles then is locked out of dirts 3.Ocher powder hereinafter is formed to become pellet 4.Last, pellet ocher heated through finite sinter/pemanasan process of temperature 1300 C that pellet becomes firm and strong so that not easy to moult. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Reduction Process Purpose of reduction process is to eliminate oxygen tying from ocher. This reduction process requires gas reduktor like hydrogen or carbon monoxide gas (CO). This reduction process there are 2 kinds of that is : 1.Direct Reduction Process 2.Indirect Reduction Process Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Making of Harsh Iron and Steel Teknologi dan Rekayasa  In earth stomach place of we remain simply many sekalimengandung matters which good for our necessaries of life its(the sehari-hari,misal kerosene, gasoline, diesel fuel and others so- called petroleum. Side that also there is chemistry elements which good for man like iron ore, nickel, copper, uranium, titanium, tin and still many again, along with mineral and amethyst.

 Mineral is a material which many there is in earths, what has special form and marking and has formation of chemistry which permanent.  Ore is mineral or amethyst containing one kinds or some kinds of metals in percentage of quite a lot to be made mineral. The many metals which implied in the different ore. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Making of Harsh Iron  Main material to make harsh iron is iron ore. Assorted of iron ore which there is in earth skin in the form of hematite and iron carbonate, between it is as follows: 1.Brown ironstone 2.Red ironstone also is called as hematite 3.Magnet ironstone 4.Calcite ironstone or spat Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Process in High Kitchen

Process in High Kitchen  Principal from high kitchen process is reduction principle. At this process permeable carbon monoxide matter of oxygen from oxygen iron tying at high temperature. At combustion of high temperature C with hot weather, hence yielded by temperature which can carry out reduction Teknologi dan Rekayasa

 Harsh iron as result from high kitchen still many containing elements incompatible for construction material, for example charcoal matter ( carbon) which too height, phosphorus, brimstone, silisium etcetera.

To reduce carbon rate and element of other addition from harsh iron is applied by the way of as follows : 1. Converter Process : a.Process Bessemer for harsh iron with low phosphorus rate. b.Process Thomas for harsh iron with high phosphorus rate. c.Process Oksi, process LD, Kaldo and Oberhauser. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

2. Process Martin (Kitchen Siemen Martin) a.Process Martin acid for iron harsh with low phosphorus rate. b.Process Martin alkaline for iron harsh with high phosphorus rate. 3. Electrical Kitchen to become militant mixing a.Electrical kitchen of flame bow. b.Electrical kitchen induceed. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Knowledge of Technique Material : Fe-Fe3C Diagram Phase equilibrium diagram Fe-Fe3C is important equipment to comprehend microstructure and carbon steel characters, a ferroalloy metal type (Fe) and carbon (C). Carbon dissolves in iron in the form of solid solution (solid solution) finite of heavy 0,05% at space temperature. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Phase Equilibrium Diagram Fe-Fe3C Teknologi dan Rekayasa

FFerrite Ferrite is solid solution phase having structure BCC (body centered cubic) AAustenite Phase Austenite has atomic structure FCC ( Face Centered Cubic) CCementite Cementite or carbide in iron-base alloys system is stoichiometric inter-metallic compund Fe3C which is hard (hard) and brittle (brittle)

Carbon steel Teknologi dan Rekayasa  Carbon steel is steel ferroalloy with principal element Fe and C. Carbon steel has finite C rate of 12% with Mn 0.30%- 0.95%. Steel with very low carbon rate haves the power of low relative but having tenacity that is relative is height.

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Low carbon steel Microstructure

Carbon Influence to Steel Mechanical Property ille Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Three Important Micro Constituents from Carbon steel Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Carbon atom in Austenite, Ferrite, and Martensite Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Heat treatment Process Teknologi dan Rekayasa  A process denatures metal by way of changing microstructure through warm- up process and arrangement of speed of refrigeration without or changes chemical composition of the metal. Heat treatment process : Heats metal until certain temperature Holding Time Cooling rate

 Quenching Heat transfer process with a real speed quickly  Normalishing Warm-up process is caught up with open air cooling Teknologi dan Rekayasa

 Stainless steel (Stainless steel)  Stainless Steel Martensitik Stainless Steel Martensitik  Stainless Steel Feritik  Stainless Steel Austenitik Stainless Steel Austenitik Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Heat treatment Influence at Stainless steel Sensitisation of Change of microstructure towards improvement of in-prisoner to attack at grain boundary Made Cool Quickly defect / distortion Made Cool Slow Precipitation of Carbide Precipitation of Carbide Grain boundary corrosion Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Mechanism the happening of grain boundary corrosion

Teknologi dan Rekayasa Representation Picture skematis the happening of corrosion intergranular as result of precipitation of carbide at boundary (a) precipitation of carbide at grain boundary. (b) area which lacking of chrome at grain boundary (c) corrosion intergranular.

 Corrosion Corrosion comes from Latin language” Corrodere” with the meaning rusty or metal mutilation as result of its(the area.  The Cause Of Corrosion 1.Material Character 2.Environmental factor 3.Existence Of Reaction Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Metal examination Microstructure Teknologi dan Rekayasa

1. After Heat Treatment Process of Water Media (quenching)

Teknologi dan Rekayasa 2. After Heat Treatment Process of Air Media (Normalising)

Teknologi dan Rekayasa After Corrosion Test Process

Teknologi dan Rekayasa 1. Water Coolant (Quenching)

Evaluation of Examination HHardness increasingly rising with its(the rising temperature LLonger HT fasterly hardness cooling rate also IIncreasingly rising but the difference signifikan unable to because SS haves no HHardened with heat treatment CCorrosion speed increasingly rising with the rising temperature. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

LLonger HT excelsior corrosion speed, and longer cooling rate increasingly corrosion speed rising RResilience of Stainless Steel corrosion AISI 304 which in quenching after implementation process of better temperature if compared to refrigeration with air media (normalising).

 Microstructure which is formed by uniform that is austenite, microstructure which.  Experiences precipitation of carbide will show eroding is around by grain boundary.  More and more precipitation of carbide formed ever greater of corrosion speed. Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CREATED BY : MUHSHON KHOIRI & MUKLIS KUSTAMTOMO PPL UNY 2009 Teknologi dan Rekayasa