FICTION Introduction to those stories that aren’t “real”

PLOT The sequence of events, or things that happen, in a story. The plot is made up of these five stages.

Exposition: an introduction or beginning of a story. Tells the characters and setting. It sets the tone.

EXPOSITION

Conflict Conflict is the main problem in the story.

Conflict

Internal Conflict This is a conflict of a character with oneself.

External Conflict This is a conflict of a protagonist with another character, society, wild animals, etc.

– Rising Action and Conflict: This is where the audience begins to see the main problem of the story. This is where the first major events begin.

RISING ACTION & CONFLICT

Climax: The turning point of the story

CLIMAX

Falling Action: Events after the climax to show that the conflict is solved or lessened.

FALLING ACTION

Resolution: The ending of the story.

RESOLUTION

CHARACTERS * People or Animals who take part in the action. *The story revolves around them. *They go through a conflict and a change between the beginning and end.

Protagonist Protagonist is the main character in the story; usually (but not always) a good guy.

Antagonist Another character, society, animal(s) etc. that fight the protagonist.

Dynamic Characters Characters who develop or change in the course of the story.

Static Characters Characters whose personalities or looks don’t change much.

Round Characters Characters with more than two characteristics of features.

Static Characters Characters with one feature or trait

Motivation- The reason/s that make the character act a certain way. The force behind the character's choices and actions. Direct characterization- writer specifically writes about the character. The writer describes them in detail. Indirect characterization- the character comes alive through their words and actions. Not much detail is given but their personality shines through by what they say and do.

Motivation- The reason/s that make the character act a certain way. The force behind the character's choices and actions.

Direct characterization- writer specifically writes about the character. The writer describes them in detail.

In-direct characterization- the character comes alive through their words and actions. Not much detail is given but their personality shines through by what they say and do.

THEME Central message in a story. Recurring idea or concept seen throughout the story.

A universal theme is a message about life that appears in many cultures and time periods. --- 

What do you think the theme in this movie is by reading the quote?

Conflict The problematic situation that a character is dealing with. The conflict is what creates the rising action. It is the center of the story.

Person vs. Self Conflict

Person vs. Person

Person vs. Society

Person vs. Nature

SETTING The location and the time of the story. This includes what the surroundings look like. It also includes what period in history the story ishappening.

GUESS THE DECADE!

LITERARY DEVICEDEFINITIONEXAMPLE Foreshadowing Clues to what will happen next The sky darkened. Would their plans be ruined? EX. Rain is coming Flashback A switch from the present time of the story to a scene in the past. A vision/A memory The girl saw a handsome man, so she remembered her camp counselor when she was 12. Irony Surprising or interesting opposites The worst player on the team hits the game winning run Dialect Form of a language that people speak in a certain region or group. People in the South say “ya’ll” People in Pittsburgh say “yinz n’at” LITERARY DEVICES

The Author Author’s Viewpoint 1 st Person 3 rd Person Limited 3 rd Person Omniscient Author’s Purpose Why the author is writing the story. Is it to inform, persuade, entertain, or show emotion?

1 st Person- I am telling the story, and I'm in the story - key words include "I," "We," "Us," etc. (Example?) 3 rd Person Limited- The narrator is not a character in the story and is limited to seeing one character's thoughts and feelings. (Example?) 3 RD Person Omniscient-"all knowing," the author can see all of the characters thoughts and feelings. (Example?) Give an example of each.

Cause & Effect When one event causes something else to happen. The effect is the result of a cause. Ex: A boy trips in the hallway in front of his crush is the _____; he gets very embarrassed is the _______.

Initiating Event The event that triggers the conflict. The very first situation that presents a problem to the character/s.

Inference a conclusion or opinion that is formed because of known facts or evidence A guess. An assumption. A feeling. An inclination. An idea. A hypothesis. A revelation.

TYPES OF CHARACTERS CHARACTER TYPEDEFINITIONEXAMPLE Protagonist A good guy in the story; hero; main character Superman, Batman, Roy, Nemo, Bella, Rapunzel Antagonist Person against main character (pro); Person that causes conflict A bully; The Joker or Penguin, Scar, Lotso Point-of-View 1 st Person Narrator; Story is through their eyes Bella; Percy Jackson Supporting Character Minor Character

Genres TYPES of LITERATURE

GENREDEFINITIONEXAMPLE

Flashback This is when the author presents events and episodes that occurred earlier.

FLASHBACK

Foreshadowing The use of clues that suggest events that are going to take place in the story

Foreshadowing

Flashback/Foreshadowing

IRONY The difference between expectation and result (or appearance and reality)

Situational Irony The difference between the expectation and what happens.

Situational Irony

Dramatic Irony Dramatic irony occurs when the readers (or spectators) know what is going on, while the characters of the story don’t.

Dramatic Irony

Verbal Irony Verbal irony takes place when the words suggest the opposite of what they mean, like in sarcasm.

Verbal Irony