River Floodplains Objective: Investigate the inter-relationships between the natural environment and human activities Outcome: Describe the stages of a river flood Identify the advantages and difficulties offered by river flood plains and deltas. Use examples to describer the land use in the lower course of a river Starter: Name the river feature in each of these photo’s RIVER MOUTH (Middlesbrough on the River Tees, NE England) MEANDER (Yarm on the River Tees, NE England)

We are studying features of the lower course today You should know... Meander, Oxbow lake and Levee

Learning Check Look at Figure 8 Explain how a river erodes laterally (sideways) in the lower course of a river

What causes a river to flood Flood Banks Channel Overflows A flood occurs when there is more water than can be contain in the river channel. This is more common in the Lower course of a river due to a greater discharge (volume) of water. Stage 1 Normal Flow Stage 2 Bank full Stage 3 River in flood Use the sheet to copy annotations onto your copy of this diagram

LAP 1. Water flows contained within a channel 1. Normal discharge conditions 1. Faster flow cause more energy to undercut the bank creating a river bluff (River cliff) 1. Slower flow in the channel due to shallower water cause deposition creating a slip- off slope Increased discharge raises the level of water in the channel. Energy is greater in this deeper water The river reaches bank full stage, water completely fills the channel but does not yet over flow A full river is called a river in spate Increasing discharge causes the river channel to overflow The river bursts its banks and causes the water to flow over the surrounding land As the water spreads over the floodplain, it losses energy and begins to deposit its load

HAP Water flows contained within a channel Normal d__________ conditions Faster flow cause more e_______ to undercut the bank creating a river bluff (River cliff) Slower flow in the channel due to s__________ water cause d__________ creating a slip- off slope Increased discharge raises the level of water in the channel. Energy is g__________ in this deeper water The river reaches bank full stage, water completely fills the channel but does not yet over flow A full river is called a river in s_______ Increasing discharge causes the river channel to o________ The river bursts its b______ and causes the water to flow over the surrounding land As the water spreads over the f__________, it losses energy and begins to deposit its l____ Banks Deposition Discharge floodplain energy greater overflow load shallower spate

How do we use a Flood plain Read the worksheet statements They look at how a flood plain might be developed. Decide if each statement is TRUE FALSE Partly TRUE/Partly FALSE

Yarm The Tees near Stockton Industrial Land in Middlebrough High Force Waterfall Q: Describe how land is used by people in the lower course of a river. Refer to real places and explain why the land is suitable for this use FarmingFertile Soil Easy to irrigateGood for machinery Flat landSpace for heavy industry Large buildingsRoom for cities Old defensive sites (Yarm)Larger populations Near to markets Transport for heavy raw materials(Middlebrough)

H/W River Tees land use You will need to use this website: ex.shtml Use this information to create a leaflet to introduce the Tees Drainage Basin Include at least 4 or 5 places Describe the land forms and features of the river valley at each point. Include Upper, middle and Lower Valley places Describe the land use and explain (give reasons for) the type of land use linking it to the physical features of the valley