IB Topic 4

valence electrons detach from individual atoms since metals contain only 1-3 valence electrons no particular electron is confined to a particular metal atom leaves a close packed lattice of positive ions (cations) in a sea of delocalized negative electrons the electrostatic attraction between (-) and (+) holds together the metal electrons act as a "glue" giving the substance a definite structure

the delocalized nature of the bonds, make it possible for the atoms to slide past each other this means metals are malleable and ductile hammered into thin sheets or shapes without breaking drawn into wires ionic compounds would crack metals are essential part of the world economy reinforcement of concrete, wires, cars, pipes… traded as commodities most common is iron which is in steel