Classification/Taxonomy Activity: Use the cards at your desk to “organize” the organisms on the cards into groups. Discuss the characteristics you used to create your groups. Discuss the usefulness of creating groups and categorizing the organisms.

Classification/Taxonomy Carolus Linnaeus developed the following system of classification/taxonomy. Members of the same Species can easily interbreed with each other and produce viable (fertile) offspring. Members of the same Genus can sometimes interbreed with each other and produce viable hybrid offspring.

Classification/Taxonomy The way that organisms have been classified changes over time as we learn more about them. We have now modified the Linnaean system slightly to include one larger group, called the Domain. Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya

Classification/Taxonomy The 3 domain system is based on evolutionary relationships instead of purely physical traits. Using genetic and molecular information, we now understand how these groups are related and classify them differently.

BacteriaArchaeaEukarya The Diversity of Life What do these branching locations mean?

Domain Bacteria DNA but no nucleus cell wall mostly asexual reproduction most primitive kind of organism known.

Fig. 1-8b(1), p.8 Domain Archaea - the extremophiles DNA but no nucleus cell wall mostly asexual reproduction share a common ancestor with Eukarya. Occupy extreme environments.

Fig. 1-8c(1), p.9 Domain Eukarya – Kingdom Protista Eukarya have cells with a nucleus. Protist is an old informal grouping for any structurally simple eukaryote that isn’t a plant or animal. Now being reorganized.

Fig. 1-8c(8), p.9 Domain Eukarya – Kingdom Fungi Fungi are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by way of extracellular digestion and absorption. Prolific spore producers and major decomposers

Fig. 1-8c(6), p.9 Domain Eukarya – Kingdom Plantae Plants are multicelled photoautotrophs that convert light energy to chemical energy.

Fig. 1-8c(10), p.9 Domain Eukarya – Kingdom Animalia Animals are multicelled heterotrophs that ingest other organisms or their tissues for energy and nutrition.

BacteriaArchaeaEukarya The Diversity of Life How would you add branches to the following simplified tree of life that represent the following Kingdoms? Animalia Plantae Fungi Protista Why? Discuss your answer with a neighbor.

Classification and Nomenclature We use the genus and species of an organism to name it. DomainEukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Sub phylumVertebrata Class Mammalia Order Primates Family Hominidae Genus Homo Species sapiens Human Classification DomainEukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Sub phylumVertebrata Class Mammalia Order Carnivora Family Felidae Genus Panthera Species pardus Leopard Classification

Quercus palustris Sylvilagus palustris Sylvilagus audubonii Which two species are most closely related?