Plant Phyla

Plants  Eukaryotic  Multicellular  Autotrophic  Chloroplasts, cell wall, Vacuoles.

Bryophytes  Mosses and their relatives are non-vascular. That means that they don’t have vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) to carry water and nutrients. Their water/nutrient intake is through osmosis, so they stay very low to the ground.  They require water to reproduce! Their sperm or spores travel through water.  Three major groups  Mosses  Liverworts  Hornworts

Filicinophyta  These are vascular plants that do not produce seeds. They do have roots, leaves and stems.  They reproduce sexually, but also require water for sperm to travel.  The three major groups:  Club mosses  Horsetails  Ferns

Gymnosperms  These are seed plants that bear their seeds directly on the surface of cones.  They do not require water for reproduction.  Four major groups:  Gnetophytes  Cycads  Ginkgoes  Conifers

Angiosperms  Seed plants that bear their seeds within a layer of protective tissue (fruits). They produce flowers!  Two classes  Monocots  dicots