The World of Islam Chapter 10

Muhammad Muhammad was troubled with gap between the greedy rich & honest poor While meditating, Muhammad received revelation from God through the angel Gabriel –Muhammad taught that Allah was the one and only God and other gods must be abandoned Followers of Islam were called Muslims Islam-submission to the will of Allah

Beliefs and Practices Teachings: –There is only one God Allah and Muhammad is the prophet –There is good and evil and that each individual is responsible for the action of his/her life Quran = Holy book of the Muslims and its based on Muhammad’s revelations –Quran contains ethical guidelines for Muslims

The Quran: Holy Book Of Islam

Five Pillars Faith: –“There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger” Prayer –Five times a day –Face Mecca to pray –Assemble in a mosque (Islamic house of worship)

Mosque

Five Pillars Alms –The responsibility to support the less fortunate –Give money for the poor Fasting –During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims fast between dawn and sunset –Fasting serves to remind Muslim that their spiritual needs are greater than their physical needs

Celebrating The Last Day of Ramadan

Five Pillars Pilgrimage –All Muslims who are physically and financially able perform the hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca, at least once

Al-Haram Mosque Holds the Kaaba

Values: Honor parents Be kind to neighbors Protect widows and orphans Give to the poor Condemns: Murder Stealing Lying Adultery Forbids: Gambling Pork Alcohol Regulates: Marriage Divorce Inheritance Business The Quran-A Way of Life

Shari’a Law Shari’a –System of law that regulates family life, moral conduct and business and community life of Muslims

Links to Judaism and Christianity See Chart for Bellwork Complete Chapter 10 Sec 2-3 Questions

North Africa Chapter 15 Section 1

In general, the Muslim states in Africa were established in North Africa North Africa

Lineages –Some societies group people into lineages (common ancestor) –Members of a lineage have strong loyalties to one another Lineages

In some African societies, lineage groups take the place of rulers –Lineage-chief means of social and political organization in stateless African societies –These stateless societies (no central system of power) balance power among lineages and settle disputes through discussion and negotiations Lineage

Tracing Family Descent Some societies are patrilineal— trace ancestry through fathers Others are matrilineal—trace ancestry through mothers Lineage determines how possessions are inherited

Age-Set System Age-set –Groups of people born about the same time who form close ties –The duties and roles associated with varying ages are emphasized by the age set system Ceremonies mark the passage to each new stage

Islam Spreads Starting around 630, Muslims conquered North Africa –Converted many by the sword of conquest and other peacefully –As Islam spread some rulers converted to Islam and based their government on Islamic law Trade also helped spread the Islamic religion

1.) Which of the five pillars refers to the responsibility to support/help the less fortunate? 2.) What term refers to the system of law that regulates family life, moral conduct and business and community life of Muslims? 3.) What term refers to followers of Islam? Bellwork 8/23/16 Write Questions

Arabic –Classical Arabic is the sacred language of Islam. It is the language of the Qur'an. Two Branches of Islam –Sunni-acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad –Shi’a-acknowledge Ali and his decedents as the successors of Muhammad Islam