Sodium Alginate and Agar Pharmaceutical Aids Sodium Alginate and Agar PH103.65

Department of Technical Education Andhra Pradesh Name : BVSN Murty Designation : Lecturer in Pharmacy Branch : PHARMACY Institute : Govt.,Polytechnic for Women, Srikakulam Year/Semester : I Year Subject : Pharmacognosy Subject code : PH103 Topic : Pharmaceutical Aids Duration : 50 mts Sub topic : Sodium Alginate and Agar Teaching aids : PPT, Photographs PH103.65 ER-91/PH-103/1 of 5

Recap In the last class we learnt about : The monographs Acacia Tragacanth PH103.65

Objectives On completion of this class you would be able to know about : The monographs of Sodium alginate and Agar PH103.65

Sodium Alginate Synonyms : Algin, Sodium polymannuronate Biological source : It is the sodium salt of Alginic acid obtained from the Algal species of Macrocystic pyrifera Laminaria hyperborea Laminaria digitata Ascophyllum nodosum Family : Phaeophyceae PH103.65

Sodium Alginate Geographical Source : USA Japan Canada India Australia Scotland PH103.65

Sodium Alginate Description : Color : White to buff colored powder Odour : Odourless Taste : Tasteless Solubility : Soluble in water Insoluble in alcohol, Ether, Chloroform and strong acids Fig.65.1 Sodium alginate PH103.65

Sodium Alginate Identification test : Aqueous solution of drug + CaCl2 Copious precipitate 1% solution in water + Dil.H2SO4 Heavy gelatinous precipitate PH103.65

Sodium Alginate Uses : Preparation of Pastes, Creams, Emulsions Suspensions, jellies, ice-creams Also used in Textile industry PH103.65

Agar Synonyms : Agar-agar, Japanese-isinglass Biological Source : It is dried gelatinous substance obtained from Gelidium amansii and other species of red algae like Gracilaria and Pterocladia Family : Gelidiaceae Order : Rhodophyceae Fig.65.2 Agar PH103.65

Agar Geographical Source : Japan Australia New Zealand USA India

Agar Description: Color : Yellowish grey or white Odour : Odourless Taste : Mucilaginous Size : Sheets are 45 to 60 cm long 10 to 15 cm wide Shape : Strips, sheets, flakes or coarse powder Fig.65.3 Agar PH103.65

AGAR Standards: Water soluble ash : Not more than 1% Sulphated ash : Not more than 5% Foreign organic matter : Not more than 18% Starch : Negative with Iodine solution Solubility : In soluble in cold water, Organic solvents Soluble in boiling water PH103.65

Agar Chemical constituents: It is a complex heterosaccharide Mainly Agarose and Agaropectin Agarose is for gel strength Agaropectin is responsible for viscosity PH103.65

Agar Identification tests : • 5 gm agar + 100 ml water Stiff jelly • Agar with Ruthenium red gives Pink color • 2% agar solution + Tannic acid > no ppt Boil Cool PH103.65

Agar Uses : Emulsifying agent and Bulk laxative Preparation of jellies and biological culture medium PH103.65

Summary In this class we learnt about : It is the sodium salt of Alginic acid obtained from the Algal species of Ascophyllum nodosum It is used as a good suspending and thickening agent, binding and disintegrating agent. Agar is dried gelatinous substance obtained from Gelidium amansii and other species of red algae like Gracilaria and Pterocladia It is used as Emulsifying agent and bulk laxative, biological culture medium PH103.65

Quiz Sodium alginate is obtained from Algae Fungi Bacteria None of the above PH103.65

Quiz 2. Sodium alginate belongs to Phaeophyceae Apidae Bovidae Graminae PH103.65

Quiz 3. Agar obtained from Gelidium amansii Arachis hypogea Arachis arabica Apis dorsata PH103.65

Quiz 4. Agar belongs to family Rhodophyceae Apidae Solanaceae Graminae

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS WRITE THE USES AND CONSTITUENTS OF AGAR WRITE THE MONOGRAPH OF SODIUM ALGINATE AND AGAR WHAT ARE PHARMACEUTICAL AIDS. GIVE EXAMPLES PH103.65

Frequently Asked Questions Write the uses and constituents of agar. Write the monograph of sodium alginate and agar. What are pharmaceutical aids? Give examples PH103.65