Anatomical position A specific stance used by scientists and health care professionals A standing body faces front with palms facing forward. Feet are pointed forward Arms are at the sides.

Names of body regions

Directional terms Describe positions of one body part relative to another. Terms are grouped in pairs with opposite meanings. Superior/inferior Posterior/anterior Medial/lateral

More terms….. Proximal- nearer to the attachment of the trunk Distal- farther from the attachment Superficial- towards the surface Deep- away from the surface

Planes and sections Planes are imaginary flat sections that pass through body parts. Sagittal plane: vertical to midline (rt./left) Frontal (coronal)plane: divides into anterior and posterior portions Transverse plane: divides into superior and inferior portions (cross section)

Brain frontal section Brain transverse section Brain midsaggital secton Whole brain

Body cavities Spaces in the body that contain, separate, and protect internal organs Cranial: formed by bones of the skull, contains the brain Vertebral canal-bones of the backbone and the spinal cord Thoracic: (chest cavity) holds the lungs and heart. Diaphragm muscle is the boundary between it and the abdominopelvic cavity Pleural- surrounds the lungs, Mediastinum-contains heart, trachea, esophagus Pericardial- surrounds the heart

Abdominopelvic cavity Extends from the diaphragm to the groin. Lined with serous membrane (lubrication) Contains the organs of digestion and reproduction (viscera) In the abdomen: liver, stomach, pancreas, gall bladder, spleen, small intestine, most of lg. intestine In the pelvic cavity: bladder, internal reproductive organs, part of lg. intestine