Chapter 2 Section 4

  Interstate Commerce  Extralegal  Anarchy  Advocate  Modification  Publish Vocab

  May 1787 in Philadelphia  States were allowed 74 delegates, 55 attended, 39 signed the final draft of the Constitution  In attendance were Washington, Franklin (81 at the time), Madison  Was an advocate, meaning pushed for, a strong central government  Majority ruled, no votes took place unless 7 of the 13 states were present Convention Begins

  Agreed to abandon the Articles of start again  Favored limited and representative government  Agreed to three branches of divided government  Limit states ability to coin money  Should strengthen national government Key Agreements

  Virginia Plan  Strong national legislature; two chambers  Lower chamber by the people, upper chamber from the lower chamber  National executive chosen by legislature  This plan set the framework for the government  Modifications – changes  Favored bigger states Decisions and Compromises

  The New Jersey Plan  Unicameral legislature – one vote from each state  Congress got the power to tax and regulate trade  Weak executive, multiple people  Limited judiciary  Just amend the Articles of Confederation Decisions and Compromises

  Connecticut Compromise  House of Representatives based on population  All revenue laws start here  Senate – two members from each state  Why was this an important compromise? Decisions and Compromises

  Large slave population in the South would help representation  Did not want slaves counted for taxation  Only 3/5ths of slaves would be counted for both representation and taxation Three Fifths Compromise

  Could not ban the slave trade until 1808  Gave Congress power to regulate interstate commerce  Could not impose export tax Commerce and the Slave Trade

  Northern states were moving towards abolishing slavery  Compromised with Southern states to not address it at the time  Left it to future generations Slavery

  President – by the people, Congress or states?  Electoral College  Four year term was a compromise between long term and too much power Other Compromises

  Went into effect June 21, 1788  Not ratified until May 29, 1790 Ratifying the Constitution

  Anti-Federalists – opposed Constitution  Supported by farmers, laborers and those in-land  Claimed the Constitution was extralegal or not sanctioned by law  Constitution lacked a Bill of Rights  Demanded the Constitution clearly guarantee certain freedoms Anti-Federalists

  Federalists – supported Constitution  Supported by merchants, cities and coast areas  Claimed anarchy, or political disorder, would come from a weak national government  Claimed no need for a Bill of Rights, since many states had them already  Eventually give in to Anti-Federalists Federalists

  Added Bill of Rights made ratification easier  New York and Virginia were not the first to ratify  Virginia – June 25, 1788 in a close vote  New York – July 26, 1788  Hamilton, Madison and John Jay published 80 essays to help pass the Constitution Progress Toward Ratification

  Washington as President  John Adams as Vice President  22 Senators  59 representatives  March 4, 1789 – first Congress in New York  April 30, 1789 – Washington takes oath of office  1791 – first ten amendments called Bill of Rights were passed The Government