Cultural Nationalism p p Education  The “Virtuous Citizen” p p An American form of English   Noah Webster   Blue-backed Speller

Cultural Nationalism American style of art develops –Gilbert Stuart, Charles Wilson Peale, and John Trumball

Cultural Nationalism p p A well-defined American literature   Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, Parson Mason Weems The Sketch Book, “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

Cultural Nationalism Religious Movements:   Deism   Second “Great Awakening”   Charles Grandison Finney   Lyman Beecher

The Second “Great Awakening:” Revivalist Meeting

Charles G. Finney The ranges of tents, the fires, reflecting light…; the candles and lamps illuminating the encampment; hundreds moving to and fro…;the preaching, praying, singing, and shouting,… like the sound of many waters, was enough to swallow up all the powers of contemplation. “soul-shaking” conversion

The “Benevolent Empire”

“Burned-Over” District in Upstate New York

Results of the Second Great Awakening

Economic Nationalism p p Encourage Creativity & Inventiveness. p p Create a Transportation Infrastructure. p p Create a Pro-Business Atmosphere. Jefferson’s Vision of America Hamilton’s Vision of America Role of Govt.

The American System p p Tariff of 1816 p p Chartering of the Second Bank of the United States [BUS]. p p Internal improvements at federal expense. - National Road Henry Clay, “The Great Compromiser”

The American System p WEST  got roads, canals, and federal aid p EAST  got protective tariffs which promoted American manufacturing  All?  national bank to keep the system running smoothly by providing a national currency  All?  got national bank to keep the system running smoothly by providing a national currency p SOUTH  ??

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791

The Factory System Samuel Slater is known as the father of the American factory system. He was able to bring the technologhy to the U.S. that would aid the beginnings of the textile industry in New England.

The Factory System With an increase in manufacturing and the rise of the textile industry (first major industry in the U.S.) there was a need for a labor force. At Waltham and Lowell (MA) they began to use young, unmarried women who became known as “Lowell Girls.”

Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts Rifle

John Deere Steel-tipped plow

First Turnpike Lancaster, PA (1790) By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.

Cumberland “National Road,” 1811

Conestoga Covered Wagons Conestoga Trail, 1820s

Yankee Clipper Ships

Robert Fulton & the Steamboat The Clermont

Erie Canal System 1817 – miles  Albany to Buffalo. Much further than any other American or European canal.

The Erie Canal, 1820s