Redox. Redox Properties Assign oxidation numbers Any change in ox # is a redox reaction Leo says ger.

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Presentation transcript:

Redox

Redox Properties Assign oxidation numbers Any change in ox # is a redox reaction Leo says ger

Half reactions Write an oxidation and reduction half reactions Fe + Zn 2+  Fe 2+ + Zn Cu + 2Ag(NO 3 )  Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + 2Ag

Balancing reactions Balance a redox reaction by writing half reactions Ca + Al +3 → Ca +2 + Al Fe + Ag + → Ag + Fe +3

Voltaic Cells

Electrochemical Cells

Organic

Isomers Same molecular formula, different structural formula

Hydrocarbons Contain only carbon and hydrogen Saturated- Unsaturated- Table Q- homologous series of hydrocarbons

Table P

Alkanes All single bonds Fit the formula: C n H 2n+2 Name the parent chain, then any branches- indicate what carbon the branches are on

Alkenes Has at least 1 double bond Fit the formula: C n H 2n Name the parent chain, indicate what position the double bond is on, name any branches

Alkynes Has at least 1 triple bond Fit the formula: C n H 2n-2 Name the parent chain first, indicate where the triple bond is, name any branches

Functional Groups They change the identity/properties of the hydrocarbons they attach to Be able to ID each functional group

Addition Reaction Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Substitution Reaction Saturated Hydrocarbons

Saponification Reaction Lipid + Base  Soap + Glycerol

Fermentation Reaction Sugar with an enzyme yields and alcohol and carbon dioxide

Esterification Reaction Organic acid + Alcohol  Ester + Water

Polymerization Reaction Linking small monomers into larger polymers

Nuclear Transmutation- Nucleus of an element decays into a new, different nucleus – Natural  1 reactant; a radioactive element will spontaneously decay into something smaller – Artificial  2 reactants; a fission reaction usually

Artificial Transmutation Start with 2 reactants

Fission Reactions Splitting of heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei Give off large amounts of energy Can happen on Earth

Types of Decay

Radioactive Decay

Fusion Reactions Combining 2 lighter nuclei into a heavier one Gives off large amounts of energy Happens on the Sun NOT ON EARTH

Uses of Isotopes Iodine-131 for thyroid disorders Technetium-99 for brain tumor locations Cobalt-60 for cancer therapy Uranium-238 for age of rocks/fossils