Date of download: 9/18/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Effect of Genetic Background on the Response to Bacterial Sinusitis in Mice Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(10): doi: /archotol C57BL/6 mice can be made allergic and augment infection. Five groups of mice were studied. C57BL/6 (B6, closed symbols) were made allergic by intraperitoneal injections (ovalbumin [OVA] + OVA) or given phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (PBS + OVA), exposed intranasally to OVA, and then infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae (Strep) or not. For comparison, BALB/c mice (open symbols) were studied similarly. Each symbol represents 1 mouse. A, Nasal lavage culture results (each symbol represents the number of bacterial colonies grown in colony-forming units per milliliter [CFU/mL] for each mouse); and B, CD11b + cell results; C, GR1 hi+ CCR3 − cell results; and D, GR low-int+ CCR3 + cell results (each symbol represents the number of positively stained cells for each mouse as assessed by flow cytometry; untreated [UT] mice served as a control). NS indicates not significant. *P<.05. Bars indicate mean. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 9/18/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Effect of Genetic Background on the Response to Bacterial Sinusitis in Mice Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(10): doi: /archotol Nasal responsiveness to histamine. The number of nasal rubbings (A) and sneezes (B) was counted for 10 minutes after each nasal challenge. Each point represents the mean ± SD of the total number of nasal rubbings or sneezes. NS indicates not significant; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; Presens, before intraperitoneal sensitization; Strep, Streptococcus pneumoniae. *P<.05, significantly different between allergic and infected BALB/c mice and nonsensitized, ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged, and infected BALB/c mice. †P<.05, significantly different between allergic and infected C57BL/6 mice and nonsensitized, OVA-challenged, and infected C57BL/6 mice. Error bars indicate SD. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 9/18/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Effect of Genetic Background on the Response to Bacterial Sinusitis in Mice Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(10): doi: /archotol Nasal responsiveness to histamine of mice made allergic intranasally. The number of nasal rubbings (A) and sneezes (B) was counted for 10 minutes after each nasal challenge. Each point represents the mean ± SD of total number of nasal rubbings or sneezes. Presens indicates before intraperitoneal sensitization. *P<.05 implies significant difference between nonsensitized, ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged, and infected BALB/c mice (PBS [phosphate-buffered saline] + OVA + Strep [Streptococcus pneumoniae]) and nonsensitized, PBS-challenged, and infected BALB/c mice (PBS + PBS + Strep). Error bars indicate SD. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 9/18/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Effect of Genetic Background on the Response to Bacterial Sinusitis in Mice Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(10): doi: /archotol Nonsensitized BALB/c mice can be made allergic by long-term intranasal allergen challenge. Mice were given intraperitoneal injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and then were intranasally exposed to ovalbumin (OVA) (PBS + OVA + Strep [Streptococcus pneumoniae]) or PBS (PBS + PBS + Strep) and then infected with Strep. Results were evaluated on days 14 and 28 after infection. A, Nasal lavage culture results (each symbol represents the number of bacterial colonies grown in colony-forming units per milliliter [CFU/mL] for each mouse); and B, CD11b + cell results; C, GR1 hi+ CCR3 − cell results; and D, GR low-int+ CCR3 + cell results (each symbol represents the number of positively stained cells for each mouse as assessed by flow cytometry; untreated [UT] mice served as a control). NS indicates not significant. *P<.05. Bars indicate mean. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 9/18/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Effect of Genetic Background on the Response to Bacterial Sinusitis in Mice Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(10): doi: /archotol Allergic inflammation and the augmented bacterial and inflammatory responses in allergic and infected BALB/c mice decreased after stopping allergen challenge. A, Nasal lavage culture results (each symbol represents the number of bacterial colonies grown in colony-forming units per milliliter [CFU/mL] for each mouse); and B, CD11b + cell results; C, GR1 hi+ CCR3 − cell results; and D, GR low- int+ CCR3 + cell results (each symbol represents the number of positively stained cells for each mouse as assessed by flow cytometry; untreated [UT] mice served as a control). OVA (ovalbumin) + OVA + Strep (Streptococcus pneumoniae) represents mice that were sensitized intraperitoneally to OVA, exposed intranasally to OVA for 5 days, and infected with S pneumoniae after the first intranasal OVA exposure. Mice were followed for up to 28 days after infection. PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) + OVA + Strep represents mice that were not sensitized intraperitoneally but exposed intranasally to OVA and infected with S pneumoniae; OVA + OVA represents mice that were sensitized intraperitoneally and exposed intraperitoneally to OVA for 5 days, but not infected with S pneumoniae. NS indicates not significant (P≥.05). *P<.05. Bars indicate mean. Figure Legend:

Date of download: 9/18/2016 Copyright © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. From: Effect of Genetic Background on the Response to Bacterial Sinusitis in Mice Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(10): doi: /archotol The augmented bacterial and inflammatory responses persist during long-term allergen challenge in allergic and infected BALB/c mice. A, Nasal lavage culture results (each symbol represents the number of bacterial colonies grown in colony-forming units per milliliter [CFU/mL] for each mouse); and B, CD11b + cell results; C, GR1 hi+ CCR3 − cell results; and D, GR low-int+ CCR3 + cell results (each symbol represents the number of positively stained cells for each mouse as assessed by flow cytometry; untreated [UT] mice served as a control). OVA (ovalbumin) + OVA + Strep (Streptococcus pneumoniae) represents mice that were sensitized intraperitoneally to OVA, exposed intranasally to OVA for 28 days, and infected with S pneumoniae; PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) + OVA + Strep represents mice that were not sensitized intraperitoneally but exposed intranasally to OVA and infected with S pneumoniae; OVA + OVA represents mice that were sensitized intraperitoneally and exposed intraperitoneally to OVA for 28 days but not infected with S pneumoniae. *P<.05. Bars indicate mean. Figure Legend: